Lithospheric geomagnetic field variation in the North-South Seismic Belt from 2010 to 2016
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摘要: 利用小波分解对2010—2016年南北地震带（21°N—37°N，97°E—109°E）区域6期岩石圈磁场年变化数据进行处理，并对2011年6月以来该区域发生的MS≥5.0强震震中区的岩石圈磁场变化空间分布及时间演化特征进行了系统分析。结果显示：震级与岩石圈磁场ΔX，ΔY，ΔZ分量变化的相关系数分别为0.26，−0.26，0.15，即二者无显著相关性；震中处岩石圈磁场分量变化的最大幅值分别为18.46，14.98，−15.54 nT。对岩石圈磁场变化进行小波分解的结果表明：MS7.0地震前两年出现显著基底异常，其尺度可能达到上千千米；MS6.0地震前一年也出现显著基底异常，但异常尺度较小；MS5.0地震前尚未观测到明确的基底或中层异常。Abstract: This paper processed six issues of annual variation data of lithospheric magnetic field from 2010 to 2016 in the North-South Seismic Belt （21°N−37°N, 97°E−109°E） by using wavelet decomposition, and systematically analyzed the annual variation of lithospheric magnetic field in epicenters of strong earthquakes （MS≥5.0） since June of 2011. The results show that correlative coefficients between earthquake magnitude and lithospheric magnetic field components ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ are 0.26, −0.26, 0.15, respectively, which means there is no significant correlation between the two parameters; the maximum variation amplitude of lithospheric magnetic field components ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ in the epicenters of strong earthquakes are 18.46, 14.98, −15.54 nT, respectively. The wavelet decomposition results show that there is significant variation on basic layers with maximum scale of one thousand kilometers in two years before MS7.0 earthquakes, and significant variation also appears on basic layer in one year before MS6.0 earthquakes, but the scale is smaller; as to before MS5.0 earthquakes, no significant anomalies have been found on basic layer or middle layer.
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图 1 2010年南北地震带第一期流动地磁测点分布图
F1：鲜水河断裂；F2：小江断裂；F3：金沙江断裂；F4：红河断裂；F5：澜沧江断裂；F6：小金河断裂；F7：龙门山断裂；F8：映秀—北川断裂；F9：塔藏断裂；F10：东昆仑断裂，下同
Figure 1. Distribution of the first issue of geomagnetic observatories in the North-South Seismic Belt in 2010
F1：Xianshuihe fault；F2：Xiaojiang fault；F3：Jinshajiang fault；F4：Honghe fault；F5：Lancangjiang fault；F6：Xiaojinhe fault；F7：Longmenshan fault；F8：Yingxiu-Beichuan fault；F9：Tazang fault；F10：East Kunlun fault，the same below
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图 2 2010—2016年南北地震带岩石圈磁场ΔZ分量变化及ΔZ的浅表、中层和基底变化
Figure 2. Lithospheric geomagnetic field component ΔZ variation and ΔZ variation of surface layer，middle layer and bottom layer during 2010 to 2016 in the North-South Seismic Belt
（a） 2010—2011；（b） 2011—2012；（c） 2012—2013
表 1 主要MS≥5.0地震震中的岩石圈磁场变化统计
Table 1 Lithospheric magnetic field variation in the epicenters of main earthquakes with MS≥5.0
期数 地震
编号发震时间 参考位置 东经/° 北纬/° MS ΔX变化
/nTΔY变化
/nTΔZ变化
/nT年-月-日 时：分：秒 1
（2010—2011年）1-1 2011-08-09 19：50：17 云南腾冲 98.70 25.00 5.2 −3.56 −12.47 −15.54 1-2 2011-11-01 05：58：05 四川青川 105.30 32.60 5.2 −6.96 −6.26 −0.59 1-3 2012-06-24 15：59：34 云南宁蒗 100.69 27.71 5.7 −3.83 4.01 −4.75 2
（2011—2012年）2-1 2012-09-07 11：19：42 云南彝良 103.97 27.51 5.7 5.52 6.10 6.66 2-2 2012-09-07 12：16：30 云南彝良 104.03 27.56 5.6 3.76 5.91 7.40 2-3 2013-01-18 20：42：50 四川白玉 99.40 30.95 5.5 9.94 3.98 −0.14 2-4 2013-03-03 13：41：16 云南洱源 99.72 25.93 5.5 3.73 1.74 −4.68 2-5 2013-04-20 08：02：48 四川芦山 102.99 30.30 7.0 5.32 0.49 1.69 3
（2012—2013年）3-1 2013-07-22 07：45：56 甘肃岷县 104.21 34.54 6.7 7.19 −10.90 8.27 3-2 2013-08-28 04：04：52 四川得荣 99.33 28.20 5.2 8.13 0.83 −12.07 3-3 2013-08-31 08：04：16 云南香格里拉 99.35 28.15 5.9 7.71 0.78 −10.70 3-4 2014-04-05 06：40：33 云南永善 103.57 28.14 5.1 7.32 −0.64 7.37 3-5 2014-05-24 04：49：23 云南盈江 97.80 24.90 5.6 11.20 2.98 −6.75 3-6 2014-05-30 09：20：12 云南盈江 97.80 25.00 6.1 10.23 2.24 −6.94 4
（2013—2014年）4-1 2014-08-03 16：30：10 云南鲁甸 103.30 27.10 6.5 6.30 −14.98 0.84 4-2 2014-10-01 09：23：27 四川越西 102.80 28.40 5.0 1.61 2.32 6.96 4-3 2014-10-07 21：49：39 云南景谷 100.50 23.40 6.6 4.50 −6.62 −0.45 4-4 2014-11-22 16：55：25 四川康定 101.69 30.26 6.3 6.25 −7.38 6.83 4-5 2014-08-17 06：07：58 云南永善 103.50 28.10 5.0 −2.76 −4.08 −6.32 4-6 2015-03-01 18：24：40 云南沧源 98.90 23.50 5.5 −3.19 2.32 14.05 5
（2014—2015年）5-1 2015-10-30 19：26：39 云南昌宁 99.50 25.06 5.1 −5.55 −6.45 −0.14 5-2 2016-05-18 00：48：47 云南云龙 99.53 26.10 5.0 1.90 −3.63 −10.91 6
（2015—2016年）6-1 2016-09-23 01：23：11 四川理塘 99.61 30.10 5.1 18.46 −0.50 5.65 6-2 2017-03-27 07：55：00 云南漾濞 99.80 25.89 5.1 5.56 2.73 8.51 
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表 2 主要MS≥5.0地震震中处岩石圈磁场的浅表、中层及基底的变化统计
Table 2 Variation of lithospheric magnetic field for surface layer，middle layer and bottom layer in the epicenters of main earthquakes with MS≥5.0
地震
编号MS ΔX变化/nT ΔY变化/nT ΔZ变化/nT 浅表 中层 基底 浅表 中层 基底 浅表 中层 基底 1-1 5.2 4.89 0.60 −9.92 −2.74 −1.73 −8.16 −5.70 −2.64 −7.10 1-2 5.2 1.33 −1.13 −6.32 −5.44 −0.29 −1.49 −0.95 −0.51 2.69 1-3 5.7 1.55 −0.04 −4.15 3.40 3.34 −2.09 −1.54 3.25 −5.23 2-1 5.7 2.64 3.33 1.34 0.28 −1.91 8.76 −0.86 −8.00 16.05 2-2 5.6 1.40 3.30 1.67 1.26 −2.32 8.51 0.40 −8.06 15.66 2-3 5.5 −0.67 1.85 8.61 −0.81 1.60 2.24 −0.53 5.80 −4.97 2-4 5.5 1.89 3.66 4.07 3.00 −7.82 10.65 −0.10 −5.96 2.92 2-5 7.0 −3.90 −1.49 8.35 1.32 −3.16 4.67 −1.01 6.03 −3.76 3-1 6.7 1.37 2.27 2.58 −0.35 −3.32 −7.73 4.56 2.31 3.02 3-2 5.2 4.57 3.41 0.36 −1.21 −3.89 5.69 −5.93 −3.12 1.52 3-3 5.9 4.35 2.98 0.40 −1.05 −3.83 5.71 −6.12 −3.05 1.38 3-4 5.1 −1.54 6.03 2.52 7.32 −3.69 −4.01 5.48 1.86 −0.39 3-5 5.6 6.63 2.86 1.24 −0.48 −3.68 6.55 −2.28 −3.28 −1.17 3-6 6.1 6.52 2.61 1.10 −0.58 −4.13 6.43 −2.39 −3.37 −1.35 4-1 6.5 3.41 2.30 0.39 −1.44 −6.43 −5.89 0.83 −0.41 0.26 4-2 5.0 0.02 0.02 1.96 −2.65 5.05 −0.41 −1.32 2.66 4.59 4-3 6.6 3.59 1.59 −1.21 −3.49 −6.81 4.17 −8.57 −1.70 9.75 4-4 6.3 2.39 −0.25 2.45 −1.77 −3.76 3.37 3.57 −2.20 7.65 4-5 5.0 −0.91 −1.97 0.46 −3.59 3.01 −3.53 −7.21 −0.94 2.15 4-6 5.5 −1.47 0.22 −2.49 −3.89 −2.61 9.76 −0.63 −0.14 15.22 5-1 5.1 1.95 −1.74 −4.84 −2.47 −2.89 −0.72 −2.09 3.05 −2.49 5-2 5.0 4.71 −0.62 −4.83 −3.31 −1.03 −0.61 −1.83 −1.80 −2.43 6-1 5.1 1.20 −2.58 12.56 1.61 3.23 −5.63 1.40 −0.27 7.17 6-2 5.1 −7.41 −4.91 16.26 5.29 −3.21 3.23 6.89 −0.70 3.86 绝对值的平均值/nT 2.92 2.16 4.17 2.45 3.45 5.00 3.00 2.96 5.12
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