Characteristics of seismogenic faults and stress fields of the Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake sequence in May 2018
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摘要: 利用双差定位方法对2018年松原MS5.7地震序列中ML≥1.0地震重新定位，之后使用CAP方法求解松原MS5.7地震序列中强地震的震源机制解，再借助MSATSI软件包反演得到松原地区的区域应力场。综合分析以上研究结果得到如下结论：① 松原MS5.7地震序列发生在NW走向的第二松花江断裂与NE走向的扶余—肇东断裂交会处，将地震精定位结果沿两条断层走向作剖面分析，NW向剖面主轴长度约为5 km，震中分布均匀，NE向剖面主轴长度亦约为5 km，震中呈倾向NE的高倾角分布；② 该序列中的4次ML≥3.7地震的震源机制解具有良好的一致性：节面Ⅰ走向为NE向，节面Ⅱ走向为NW向，均为高倾角走滑断层。中强地震的震源机制节面解与第二松花江断裂性质基本一致，由此推断第二松花江断裂是本次松原地震的发震断层；③ 松原地区的主压应力方位角为N86°E，倾角为7°，主张应力方位角为N24°E，倾角为71°。松原地区的区域应力场既受到大尺度的板块构造运动的控制，又受到区域构造运动的影响。在太平洋板块对北东亚板块向西俯冲作用下，东北地区产生了近EW向的主压应力，受周边地质构造控制，松辽盆地内NE向断裂与NW向断裂交会处易发生走滑型地震，2018年松原MS5.7地震正是在这种构造作用控制下发生的中强地震。Abstract: In recent years, moderate-strong earthquakes in Songyuan area of Jilin Province are active. Studying the fault structure and stress field characteristics of the earthquake sequence in Songyuan area is of great significance for scientific understanding of the earthquake-preserving environment in Northeast China and earthquake prevention. The ML≥1.0 earthquakes are relocated by the method of double difference relocation, the focal mechanism solutions of the strong earthquakes are determined by the CAP method, and the stress field is determined by the FMSI method.According to the results, we realize that: ① The Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake sequence occurred at the intersection of the Second Songhuajiang fault trending NW and Fuyu-Zhaodong fault trending NE. The results of earthquakes relocation are analyzed along the two faults. The length of the NW axis is about 5 km, the same as to NE axis. The epicenters on the profile of NW axis have a high inclination distribution, while the NE axis is uniform. ② The focal mechanism solutions of four ML≥3.7 earthquakes are all of strike-slip type with high dip angles and good consistency: The strike of nodal plane Ⅰ is NE, and the other is NW. The focal mechanisms of the moderate-strong earthquakes are basically consistent with the Second Songhuajiang fault, and it is concluded that the Second Songhuajiang fault is the seismogenic fault of the Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake; ③ The principal compressive stress azimuth and the inclination angle of Songyuan area are N86°E and 7°, respectively, and the principal tensile stress azimuth and the inclination angle are N24°E and 71°, respectively. The regional stress field in Songyuan area is controlled by both large-scale plate tectonic movement and regional tectonic movement. Under the westward subduction of the Pacific Plate, the Northeast Asia Plate’s principal compressive stress near the EW direction is generated, which is controlled by the surrounding geological structure. The strike-slip type earthquake is prone to occur at the intersection of the NE-trending fault and the NW-trending fault in the Songliao basin, while the 2018 Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake is a moderate-strong earthquake that occurred under the control of such tectonic action.
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图 1 松辽盆地地质构造及台站分布图
F1：讷谟尔河断裂；F2：富裕—明水断裂；F3：嫩江断裂；F4：海伦—任民断裂；F5：呼兰河断裂；F6：滨州断裂；F7：扶余—肇东断裂：F8：依兰—伊通断裂；F9：第二松花江断裂；F10：赤峰—开原断裂
Figure 1. Geological structure and station distribution of Songliao basin
F1：Nemor He fault；F2：Fuyu-Mingshui fault；F3：Nenjiang fault；F4：Helen-Renmin fault；F5：Hulanhe fault；F6：Binzhou fault；F7：Fuyu-Zhaodong fault；F8：Yilan-Yitong fault；F9：The Second Songhuajiang fault；F10：Chifeng-Kaiyuan fault
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图 3 双差定位后松原MS5.7地震序列的震中分布及深度剖面图
（a） 震中位置平面分布图；（b） A1A2轴剖面图；（c） B1B2轴剖面图
Figure 3. Epicentral distribution and depth profile after double-difference relocation of Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake sequence
（a） A planer distribution map of the epicenters；（b） A profile view of the A1A2 axis；（c） A profile view of the B1B2 axis
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图 4 2018年5月28日松原MS5.7主震震源机制解的CAP反演示例
（a） 13个台站的波形拟合数据，其中黑色曲线为观测波形，红色为理论波形，拟合波段左侧是台站名称，台站名称下方数字是震中距，拟合波段下方第一行数字表示观测波形相对于理论波形的相对移动时间，单位为s，第二行表示观测波形与理论波形的互相关系数；（b） 不同深度下的数据残差e （
${{{e}} {\text{＝}} ||{\left( {{{r}}/{{{{r}_0}}}} \right)^p}\left| {\left| \cdot \right|\left| {{u} {\text{－}} {s}} \right|} \right|}$ ，式中r0为参考震中距，r为震中距，u为观测波形，s为理论波形，p为距离补偿因子）；（c） 台站分布及震中位置Figure 4. Example of the focal mechanism solution determined by CAP for the Songyuan MS5.7 main shock on May 28，2018
（a） Comparisons of synthetic waveforms （red） and waveforms record （black） at 13 stations. The two numbers under each segment are the time shift in seconds （upper） between the synthetic and record （positive means a delayed record） and the waveform correlation coefficient，epicenter distances is given next to the station codes；（b） The data variance e in diffe-rent depths （
${{{e}} {\text{＝}} ||{\left( {{{r}}/{{{{r}_0}}}} \right)^p}\left| {\left| \cdot \right|\left| {{u} {\text{－}} {s}} \right|} \right|}$ ，where r0 is reference epicentral distance，r is epicentral distance，u is the observed waveform，s is the theoretical waveform and p is a scaling factor to give the record at r the same weight as that at reference distance r0）；（c） The locations of the event and the corresponding stations used to determine the focal mechanism solution![]()
图 5 2018年松原MS5.7地震序列震源机制解及其应力场
Figure 5. Focal mechanism solutions and stress field of 2018 Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake sequence
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图 6 本文反演所得应力张量的不确定性f （95%置信区间，2 000次bootstrap取样）
Figure 6. The uncertainties f of stress tensor received by 2 000 bootstrap resampling
表 1 选用三种速度模型计算出的地震序列主震CAP结果对比
Table 1 Comparison of the CAP results of main shock calculated by three velocity models
速度模型 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° MW 深度/km Crust1.0 （Pasyanos et al，2014） 218 77 164 5.11 6 吴微微等 （2014） 220 79 162 5.10 6 Guo等 （2015） 221 81 163 5.09 6 
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表 2 2018年松原MS5.7地震序列震源机制解
Table 2 Focal mechanism solutions of Songyuan MS5.7 earthquake sequence in 2018
发震日期 东经
/°北纬
/°矩心深
度/kmM 节面Ⅰ（NW向） 节面Ⅱ（NE向） P轴 T轴 年−月−日 时:分:秒 走向
/°倾角
/°滑动角
/°走向
/°倾角
/°滑动角
/°方位角
/°仰角
/°方位角
/°仰角
/°2018−05−28 01:50:52 124.69 44.310 6 MS5.7 314 72 12 220 79 162 268 5 176 20 2018−05−29 14:36:13 124.73 44.234 7 ML4.0 310 65 0 220 90 155 268 17 172 17 2018−05−31 13:00:42 124.71 44.231 7 ML4.1 310 74 0 220 90 164 266 11 174 11 2018−05−31 17:19:28 124.73 44.232 5 ML3.7 129 79 19 35 71 168 261 5 353 21
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表 3 2013年松原M5地震震群的震源机制解（吴微微等，2014）
Table 3 Focal mechanism solutions of Songyuan M5 earthquake swarm in 2013 （after Wu et al，2014）
发震日期 东经/° 北纬/° 矩心深度
/kmM 节面Ⅰ（NW向） 节面Ⅱ（NE向） 年−月−日 时:分:秒 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 2013−10−31 11:03:32 124.089 44.678 14 MS5.5 334 39 38 211 121 67 2013−10−31 11:10:05 124.085 44.689 9 MS5.0 305 19 65 207 154 73 2013−11−03 12:26:52 124.111 44.685 11 ML4.6 329 34 58 220 143 61 2013−11−08 19:37:19 124.128 44.681 13 ML4.9 310 49 59 190 137 50 2013−11−22 16:18:49 124.114 44.685 13 MS5.3 333 63 50 192 118 47 2013−11−23 06:04:24 124.113 44.669 13 MS5.8 332 18 52 231 140 76 2013−11−23 06:32:31 124.155 44.652 13 MS5.0 323 40 35 199 118 68
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