Geochemical characteristics of soil gas in Tangdong active fault zone
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摘要: 本文采用野外多期跨断层流动观测测定了汤东活动断裂带H2，Rn和CO2的分布特征，以此分析了该断裂带的气体地球化学特征及其活动背景，从而揭示了气体地球化学特征与构造之间的联系。分析结果显示：不同测量期次的H2，Rn和CO2浓度存在显著差异，其中张河村测线的各期次测量结果中6月份各组分气体浓度均显著高于其它期次，而邢李庄测线的测量结果中1月份各组分气体浓度均显著高于其它期次；各测量期次的各气体组分分布曲线特征相似，高值异常点的重现性较好。张河村测线多期测量的H2和Rn浓度背景值分别为（8.93±3.92）×10−6和（17.38±4.28） kBq/m3，在测线西部距汤东主断裂135 m和230 m处H2与Rn同步出现高值异常；邢李庄测线H2和Rn的背景值分别为（41.20±16.64）×10−6和（29.00±8.28） kBq/m3，H2与Rn在测线西部距汤东主断裂60 m处同步出现异常。两测线的气体浓度高值异常部位与地球物理、跨断层联合钻孔详勘结果之间存在较好的对应关系，由此可推断观测气体浓度能够敏感地指示断裂带位置，而且H2和Rn浓度是汤东断裂带气体地球化学观测的关键指标。Abstract: Based on the distribution of H2, Rn and CO2 concentrations in the Tangdong active fault zone determined by multi-phase cross-fault observation in the field, this paper analyzed the gas geochemical characteristics and tectonic activity background of the fault zone, and revealed the relationship between geochemical characteristics of soil gases and the geological structure. The results showed that there were significant variations in H2, Rn and CO2 concentrations in different measurement periods. The gas concentrations of H2, Rn and CO2 in June were significantly higher than those in other measurement periods on the Zhanghecun measurement profile, while the gas concentrations of H2, Rn and CO2 in January were significantly higher than those in other measurement periods on the Xinglizhuang measurement profile. And the background values of H2 and Rn on Zhanghecun measurement line were (8.93±3.92）×10−6 and （17.38±4.28） kBq/m3, respectively, and concentrations of H2 and Rn exhibited synchronous anomalies at 135 m and 230 m from the main fault of Tangdong in the west of the measurement line. Accordingly on the Xinglizhuang measurement line, background concentrations values of H2 and Rn were （41.20±16.64）×10−6, （29.00±8.28） kBq/m3, and concentrations of H2 and Rn showed synchronous anomalies at 60 m from the main fault of Tangdong in the west of the measurement line. Furthermore, the shape of the gas concentration curves were similar for different measurement periods, and the anomaly spike showed perfect reproducibility on each investigation profile. There was a good correspondence between the high-value anomalies of the two investigation profiles and the results from geophysical exploration and trans-fault joint drilling. Therefore, it is deduced that the concentrations of H2 and Rn, which could be sensi-tive to the fault location, are the key indicators for gas geochemical observation of Tangdong fault zone.
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图 1 研究区区域构造及测线位置
F1：汤西断裂；F2：汤中断裂；F3：汤东断裂带；F4：新商断裂；F5：盘古寺断裂；F6：凤凰岭断裂
Figure 1. Regional geology structure and location of observation lines for the target fault
F1：Tangxi fault；F2：Tangzhong fault； F3：Tangdong fault zone； F4：Xinshang fault；F5：Pangusi fault；F6：Fenghuangling fault
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图 2 张河村测线H2 （a，b），Rn （c，d）和CO2 （e，f）浓度的分布特征
Figure 2. Distribution characteristics of soil H2 （a，b），Rn （c，d） and CO2 （e，f）concentrations on Zhanghecun measurement line
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图 3 邢李庄测线H2 （a，b），Rn （c，d）和CO2 （e，f）分布特征
Figure 3. Distribution characteristics of soil H2 （a，b），Rn （c，d） and CO2 （e，f）concentrations on Xinglizhuang meansurement line
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图 4 2018年1月（a）和6月（b）汤东断裂Rn浓度与CO2浓度的相关性
Ⅰ表示气体浅部循环，Ⅱ表示可能包含部分深部来源气体，Ⅲ表示气体水平迁移
Figure 4. The relationships between Rn and CO2 concentration in Tangdong active fault zone
Ⅰ indicates that Rn mainly comes from shallow gas circulation，Ⅱ indicates that the fault gases could contain partial deep-source information，Ⅲ indicates that CO2 mainly comes from gas horizontal migration
表 1 汤东活动断裂带土壤气H2，Rn和CO2浓度分布特征
Table 1 Statistics on characteristics of soil H2，Rn and CO2 concentrations on Tangdong active fault zone
测线 指标 时间 测点数 最大值 最小值 平均值 中值 下四
分位上四
分位四分位
间距标准差 峰背比 背景值 张
河
村H2/10−6 10月 34 23.70 1.07 6.29 5.00 2.38 10.67 8.29 5.25 4.39 8.93 1月 32 44.42 2.78 8.47 6.02 4.36 8.14 3.78 8.32 6.75 6月 30 110.40 1.58 21.47 13.65 5.61 26.10 20.49 25.85 8.02 Rn/（kBq·m−3） 10月 34 38.14 8.56 18.20 17.56 14.08 21.47 7.39 6.66 2.25 17.38 1月 32 37.35 9.76 17.54 17.01 13.45 19.81 6.36 5.72 2.21 6月 30 46.70 4.64 19.68 17.52 13.63 25.05 11.42 8.89 2.58 CO2 1月 17 0.54% 0.15% 0.29% 0.22% 0.19% 0.40% 0.21% 0.12 % 1.99 — 6月 16 5.00% 0.73% 2.00% 1.47% 0.92% 3.13% 2.21% 1.34% 2.78 邢
李
庄H2/10−6 10月 33 82.19 11.41 37.62 34.83 22.76 49.09 26.33 17.77 2.35 41.20 1月 30 185.3 10.6 58.70 44.48 19.71 77.17 57.46 47.57 3.98 6月 30 87.79 0.27 34.81 30.94 16.26 44.26 28.01 24.73 2.82 Rn/(kBq·m−3) 10月 33 62.60 10.11 28.39 24.91 19.69 36.72 17.04 12.67 2.38 29.00 1月 30 62.21 14.0 35.29 33.93 24.08 45.28 21.20 12.48 1.81 6月 30 59.96 7.52 24.58 22.01 12.69 33.35 20.66 14.02 2.71 CO2 1月 16 0.78% 0.16% 0.38% 0.36% 0.19% 0.50% 0.31% 0.20% 2.22 — 6月 14 2.00% 0.52% 1.09% 0.98% 0.63% 1.53% 0.91% 0.51% 2.04 
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