3-D P and S wave velocity of crust and Poisson’s ratio structures and their influence on seismic activity in Shandong area
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摘要: 基于山东及邻区丰富的P波和S波到时数据反演获得了研究区内高精度的三维纵横波速度结构和泊松比异常分布形态。结果表明：2020年济南长清MS4.1地震震中位于P波、S波高低速异常和高低泊松比异常过渡带，可能是区域构造应力下长清断裂发生左旋走滑运动的结果；2003年青岛崂山ML4.1地震、崂山震群、乳山震群和长岛震群等的发生可能都受到流体的强烈影响，流体沿已有的较大断裂或相对完整岩体内的裂隙侵入，诱发断裂活动或裂隙破裂，从而导致中强地震或震群活动的发生。Abstract: Shandong area is located in eastern China, where faults develop and earthquakes occur frequently, so high resolution velocity structure is quite necessary for better understanding causal mechanism of earthquakes. Based on abundant P and S wave arrival times recorded at stations in and around Shandong area, high resolution 3-D P wave velocity, S wave velocity and Poisson’s ratio structures are obtained. The results reveal that, the hypocenter of the 2020 Changqing MS4.1 earthquake is located in the transition zone where seismic velocity and Poisson’s ratio change drastically in the horizontal direction. This suggests that the 2020 Changqing MS4.1 earthquake may be caused by the sinistral strike-slip movement of the Changqing fault affected by the regional stress field. Occurrence of the 2003 Laoshan ML4.1 earthquake and Laoshan, Rushan and Changdao earthquake swarms may be strongly affected by fluids. These fluids invaded along pre-existing faults or cracks in relatively intact rock bodies, and induced faults to act or cracks to break up, which caused the occurrence of middle and strong earthquakes and earthquake swarms.
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Keywords:
- Shandong area /
- velocity structure /
- Poisson’s ratio structure /
- earthquakes /
- earthquake swarms activity /
- fluids
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图 7 山东地区不同深度P波速度扰动（a）、S波速度扰动（b）及泊松比相对扰动（c）结果
底部3幅图分别为1—30 km的P波、S波速度扰动及泊松比相对扰动的平均值
Figure 7. Map views of P-wave （a），S-wave （b） and Poisson’s ratio （c） perturbations in Shandong area
The averages of P-wave，S-wave and Poisson’s ratio anomalies from 1 to 30 km are shown at the bottom
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图 1 山东及周边地区构造分区图（修改自苏道磊等，2016）
Figure 1. Tectonic settings in and around Shandong area （modified from Su et al，2016）
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图 2 台站（a）及地震（b）分布图
Figure 2. Distribution of seismic stations （a） and local earthquakes （b） used in this study
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图 3 基于不同模型反演所得的莫霍面埋深（a，b）及本研究所用莫霍面埋深（c）
Figure 3. Moho depths inverted from different models （a，b） and used in this study （c）
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图 4 使用鲁西地区地壳速度模型（a）和山东地震台网定位用地壳速度模型（b）在地震重定位前后所得的走时残差分布图
Figure 4. Travel time residual distribution based on crustal velocity model in Luxi area （a） and Shandong seismic network （b） before and after relocation
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图 5 P波（a，b）和S波（c，d）成像中不同阻尼和平滑因子对应的三维速度模型标准差与走时残差均方根关系曲线
Figure 5. Trade-off curves between the standard deviation of the 3-D velocity model and the root-mean-square of travel time residual according to the damping （a and c） and smoothing （b and d） parameters for P- （a，b） and S-wave （c，d） tomographies
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图 6 检测板分辨率测试结果
Figure 6. Results of checkerboard resolution tests
（a） 0.33°×0.33°；（b） 0.4°×0.4°；（c） 0.5°×0.5°
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图 8 长清地震及泰山周边不同深度处P波速度扰动（a）、S波速度扰动（b）及泊松比相对扰动（c）结果
Figure 8. Map views of P-wave （a），S-wave （b） and Poisson’s ratio （c） perturbations around Changqing earthquake and Mount Tai
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图 9 过长清地震的剖面AA′（a）的P波速度扰动（b）、S波速度扰动（c）和泊松比扰动（d）
Figure 9. Vertical cross section of P-wave （b），S-wave （c） and Poisson’s ratio （d） perturbations along a profile AA′ （a） across the Changqing earthquake shown in the inset map
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