Crustal structure in the Dasanjiang basin and its adjacent areas
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摘要: 收集了大三江盆地及其邻区区域地震台网及多个流动台阵的连续波形及远震事件资料，采用背景噪声层析成像和接收函数叠加方法，分别获得了研究区三维S波速度结构、基底及莫霍面深度和泊松比。结果显示：浅层速度结构较好地反映了地表地形及地质特征，三江盆地呈明显的低速，虎林和勃利等小型盆地的S波速度也相对较低，而小兴安岭、张广才岭等则呈高速；到中下地壳层，盆地区则表现为明显的高速，表明到该深度层盆地已趋于稳定；依兰—伊通断裂下的低速异常延伸较深，表明它是一条较深的区域性断裂。接收函数结果显示：区内莫霍面的深度大约为30—36 km，整体较为平缓；在三江盆地内，前进坳陷的沉积层最厚，可达5.4 km，最薄处位于富锦隆起，为2.7 km，到西部绥滨断陷内沉积层又变厚，这与该盆地已知的两坳夹一隆的构造相一致。Abstract: We collected continuous waveforms and teleseismic events both from the regional permanent seismic network and several temporary seismic arrays in the Dasanjiang basin and its adjacent areas and obtained the 3D S-wave velocity structure, basement depth, Moho depth and Poisson’s ratio by using the ambient noise tomography and receiver function methods. Our results show that the shallow velocity structure corresponds well to the surface topography and geological features. The Sanjiang basin shows obvious low-velocity and small basins such as Hulin and Boli basins are also imaged as relatively low velocities, while the Xiaoxing’anling and Zhangguangcailing are characterized by high velocities. In the mid-lower crust, all basins show obvious high velocities, which indicates that they are stable at this depth. The low-velocity anomaly beneath the Yilan-Yitong fault extends down to deep, indicating that it is a regional deep fault. The results of the receiver function show that the Moho depth varies gently in the range of 30 km to 36 km. In the Sanjiang basin, the sedimentary thickness beneath Qianjin depression is the thickest, which could reach 5.4 km. While the sedimentary thickness beneath Fujin uplift is the thinnest, which could be 2.7 km. Beneath the western Suibin depression, sedimentary layer becomes thick again. The above features are consistent with the known tectonics of two depressions sandwiching one uplift.
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图 1 研究区主要构造背景及所用地震台站分布
图中白色三角形为中国数字地震台网固定台站，黑色圆点为多国合作布设的东北流动台阵（NECESSArray）的流动台站，黑色三角形为中国地震局地球物理研究所布设的五大连池—虎林和满洲里—绥芬河宽频带地震测线的流动台站；黑色粗线为图4中5条S波速度剖面Ⅰ −Ⅴ。灰色线为三江盆地内的次级构造单元边界，其中① 前进坳陷，② 富锦隆起，③ 绥滨断陷. 黑线代表区域主要断裂，F1：牡丹江断裂；F2：敦密断裂；F3：依兰—伊通断裂，下同
Figure 1. Map showing the major geological features of the studied area and distribution of seismic stations used in the study
White triangles represent permanent stations from China digital seismic network，black dots represent temporary stations from the NECESSArray，the black triangles represent temporary stations of Wudalianchi-Hulin and Manzhouli-Suifenhe broadband seismic survey lines which were performed by Institute of Geophysics，China Earthquake Administration. The thick black lines are the location of five profiles，the serial numbers of which are marked at the left end of the profile. The gray lines are the boundary of secondary tectonic units in Sanjiang basin，① Qianjin depression；② Fujin uplift；③ Suibin depression. The black lines represent major faults in the region，F1：Mudanjiang fault； F2：Dunmi fault；F3：Yilan-Yitong fault，the same below
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图 3 群速度频散曲线 （a） 和不同周期的频散数量 （b）
Figure 3. Dispersion curve of group velocity （a） and the number of dispersions in different periods （b）
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图 4 几个典型周期的群速度射线路径分布图
黑色三角形为台站，灰线为射线路径，各子图中右上角标出了相应的周期
Figure 4. Ray-paths of group velocity at several representative periods
Black solid triangles denote seismic stations，gray lines denote ray paths，and the period is marked at the upper right corner of each panel
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图 6 不同深度层上的S波速度平面图
每层的深度标在各子图的右上角，蓝色三角形为中国数字地震台网固定台站，红色三角形为多国合作布设的东北台阵（NECESSArray）的流动台站，黑色三角形为中国地震局地球物理所布设的五大连池—虎林和满洲里—绥芬河宽频带地震测线的流动台站。其它标识同图1
Figure 6. S-wave velocity map at each depth slice
The depth of each layer is shown at the upper right corner of each panel. Blue triangles represent permanent stations from China digital seismic network，red triangles represent temporary stations from the NECESSArray，the black triangles represent temporary stations of Wudalianchi-Hulin and Manzhouli-Suifenhe broadband seismic survey lines. Other labels are the same as those in Fig. 1 （a） 3 km；（b） 5 km；（c） 10 km；（d） 15 km；（e） 20 km；（f） 25 km
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图 7 S波速度剖面图（剖面位置示于图1中）
Figure 7. Vertical cross sections of S-wave along different profiles shown in Fig. 1）
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图 8 研究区地震台站下方沉积层厚度图
白色圆点表示计算后得到的台站下方沉积层厚度为零或者小于1.5 km，接收函数不能分辨；“无”表示该台站的数据质量较差，未得到计算结果，下同
Figure 8. Distribution of the sedimentary depth beneath the stations in the studied area
The white dot indicates the station beneath which the thickness of the sedimentary layer is zero or less than 1.5 km，which are not resolved by the receiver function. “None” indicates that the data quality of the station is poor and the calculation result is not obtained，the same below
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图 9 研究区地震台站下方莫霍面深度图
Figure 9. Moho depth distribution beneath the stations in the studied area
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