Electrical structure and its application to the explanation of georesistivity observations at Jiangning geoeletric station
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摘要: 为了探究地表和井下观测的地电阻率值存在的明显差异，本文首先对江宁地电台电性结构进行了探测，并建立了水平层状电性结构模型；然后基于该模型计算了地表和井下观测装置的理论视电阻率值；最后对比分析计算值与观测值。结果表明，地表大供电极距观测装置和井下观测装置的观测值均可以由地下电性结构进行合理解释，即地表与井下观测值的差异是合理的，是由地下电性结构所决定的。Abstract: In order to probe the significant difference between the surface and deep well georesistivity observations, the electrical structure beneath Jiangning geoelectric station was detected, and a horizontally layered electrical structure model was proposed in this paper. Subsequently, we used the model to calculate the apparent resistivity for each configuration of surface and deep-well observation systems. Comparison of calculated georesistivities, with observed ones shows that the observations of the surface configurations with a long-distance current electrodes and those of deep-well configurations can be reasonably interpreted, that is to say, the difference between the surface and deep-well observations is reasonable, which is resulted from the different electrical structure beneath Jiangning station.
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图 1 江宁地电台位置和近场区主要断裂示意图
Figure 1. Location of Jiangning geoelectric station and main faults in its adjacent regions
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图 2 2017年4月江宁地电台地电阻率观测值及其均方根误差
Figure 2. Georesistivity observations and their root-mean-squares errors at Jiangning station during April of 2017
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图 3 测线布设和钻孔分布图
Figure 3. Layout of resistivity measuring lines and boreholes distribution
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图 4 测线LNW-SE （a）和LNS （b）的视电阻率剖面图
Figure 4. The apparent resistivity sections of the measuring lines LNW-SE （a） and LNS （b）
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图 5 测线LNW-SE （a）和LNS （b）的反演电阻率剖面
Figure 5. The inverted resistivity images of measuring lines LNW-SE （a） and LNS （b）
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图 6 测线LNW-SE和LNS的电测深曲线及相应的解释模型曲线
Figure 6. Resistivity sounding curves and their interpreted results of measuring lines LNW-SE and LNS
表 1 钻孔QZ1的岩性描述
Table 1 Lithology revealed by borehole QZ1
钻孔深度/m 岩性 描述 钻孔深度/m 岩性 描述 1.80 粉质黏土 可塑，切面稍光滑，韧性和干强度中等，表层20 cm为素填土，含植物根系 12.00 强风化
凝灰岩坚硬，凝灰质结构，块状构造，岩芯较破碎，呈碎裂状 6.20 粉质黏土 硬塑，切面光滑，韧性和干强度高 37.36 中风化
凝灰岩坚硬，凝灰质结构，块状构造，岩芯较完整，呈柱状 10.30 全风化
凝灰岩岩石分化成黏土状，夹少量强风化碎块 197.06 微风化
凝灰岩坚硬，凝灰质结构，块状构造，岩芯较完整，呈柱状 
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表 2 电性结构的最佳模型参数
Table 2 Optimal model parameters of electrical structure
测线 层序号 层厚/m 电阻率/(Ω·m) 1 29.40 39.29 LNW-SE 2 220.94 143.06 3 ∞ 60.39 1 24.56 18.71 LNS 2 203.42 274.52 3 ∞ 54.79
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