Precise location and seismogenic structure analysis of aftershock sequence of Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake on August 9，2017
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摘要: 为确定2017年8月9日精河MS6.6地震的发震构造，本文使用双差定位方法对发震时刻至2017年10月震源区所发生的余震进行了精定位，同时利用CAP波形反演方法，得到了主震的震源机制解，同时使用GPAT方法反演得到了部分余震的震源机制解，并基于两者对本次地震的发震构造予以分析。结果显示：精定位后主震位于（44.27°N，82.85°E），震源深度为17 km；主震最佳双力偶解对应的节面Ⅰ的走向为260°、倾角为51°、滑动角为84°，节面Ⅱ的走向为89.5°、倾角为39.4°、滑动角为97.4°；余震序列位于主震东侧，并向东展布约30 km，在3—18 km深度范围内均有分布，其优势方向为近EW向，次优势方向为SW向。结果表明，本次地震是一次逆冲型地震，通过反演得到的大量小震震源机制解的结果与主震震源机制解结果相一致。结合余震震中分布、主震及余震的震源机制解以及震源区的地质构造，本文推断近EW走向具有逆冲性质的库松木楔克山前断裂为精河主震的发震构造。Abstract: On August 9, 2017, an earthquake with MS6.6 occurred in the Jinghe of Bortala Mongolia Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang, and the highest intensity is estimated up to Ⅷ, but no major surface ruptures had been observed in field survey. In order to determine the seismogenic structure of the Jinghe earthquake, this paper precisely locates the aftershocks occurred from the origin time of the main shock to December of 2017 in the source region by the double-difference location method. At the same time, the focal mechanism of the main shock is obtained by using the CAP waveform inversion method, and the focal mechanisms of some aftershocks are obtained by using the generalized polarization amplitude technology. The results show that the main shock is located at （44.27°N, 82.85°E） and the focal depth is 17 km. The aftershock sequence is located to the east of the main shock with focal depth of 33−18 km and an extending length nearly 30 km towards east. The predominant direction of the sequence is EW direction, and the subdominant direction is SW direction. The best double-couple solution of the main shock has one nodal plane with strike 260°, dip 51°, rake 84°, and the other nodal plane with strike 89.5°, dip 39.4°, rake 97.4°. The result suggests that the Jinghe earthquake is of thrusting type, and the focal mechanisms of a large number of small earthquakes obtained by inversion are consistent with that of the main shock. Combined with aftershock epicenters, focal mechanism solutions for the main shock and the aftershocks, as well as geological structure of the source region, it is inferred that the thrusted Kusongmuxieke piedmont fault extending in near EW direction is the seismogenic structure for the Jinghe main shock.
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图 1 精河地震震源区及邻区构造背景
Figure 1. Tectonic settings of the source region of Jinghe earthquake and its neighbouring areas
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图 2 精河MS6.6地震震中及台站分布
Figure 2. Epicenter location of Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake and stations distribution
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图 3 重定位前（a）、后（b）的走时均方根误差
Figure 3. RMS error of travel time before （a） and after （b） relocation
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图 4 精河MS6.6地震序列重定位前的震中分布
Figure 4. Epicentral distribution of Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake sequence before relocation
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图 5 精定位后事件分布的剖面图
（a） 精定位后地震震中分布图；（b） 沿着断层走向的剖面图；（c） 沿垂直于断层走向的剖面图
Figure 5. Cross sections of the relocated earthquakes
（a） Distribution of epicenters after precise locating；（b） The section along the strike of the fault；（c） The profile along the direction perpendicular to the fault
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图 6 2017年8月9号精河主震的CAP反演震源机制解结果
红线表示理论地震波形，黑线表示观测地震波形，波形下方第一行数字表示理论波形相对实际观测波形的时移（单位：s），第二行数字表示两波形的相关系数；波形左侧为台站名及震中距（单位：km）
Figure 6. Focal mechanism solution results of Jinghe earthquake on August 9，2017 by the CAP method
The red curves represent the theoretical waveforms，and the black ones represent the observed waveforms. The numbers of the first line below the waveforms are the time shift （in s） of theoretical waveforms relative to observed ones，and the positive values indi-cate the theoretical waveform being ahead of the observed one. The numbers of the second line indicate the correlative coefficients between them. The name of stations and corresponding epicentral distances （in km） are given at the left side of waveforms
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图 7 精河地震的拟合差和震源机制解（下半球投影）随矩心深度的变化
震源球上方数字表示各个深度的拟合矩震级
Figure 7. Misfit plots as a function of centroid depth for Jinghe earthquake （lower-hemisphere projection）
The numbers above the beach balls represent the fitting moment magnitude for each depth
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图 8 精河地震序列中ML＞3.0事件的震源机制解
Figure 8. Focal mechanism solutions for the ML＞3.0 events of Jinghe earthquake sequence
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图 9 精河地震序列的节面走向（a）、倾角（b）、滑动角（c）玫瑰花图
Figure 9. Rose maps of the strike （a），dip （b） and rake （c） of nodal planes for the Jinghe earthquake sequence
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图 10 精河地震序列P轴（左）和T轴（右）的方位角（a）和倾角（b）的玫瑰花图
Figure 10. Rose maps of the azimuth （a） and plunge （b） of P-axis （left panels） and T-axis （right panels） for the Jinghe earthquake sequence
表 1 速度结构（邵学钟等，1996）
Table 1 Velocity structure （after Shao et al，1996）
地层深度/km vP/（km·s−1） vS/（km·s−1） 0—4 4.00 2.31 4—16 5.81 3.36 16—25 6.10 3.53 25—34 6.65 3.84 34—45 6.83 3.95 ＞45 8.09 4.68 
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表 2 2017年8月9日精河MS6.6主震震源机制解结果对比
Table 2 Comparison of focal mechanism solutions of Jinghe MS6.6 main shock on August 9，2017
来源 MW 矩心深度/km 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° USGS （2017） 6.3 20 269 30 87 GCMT （2017） 6.3 27.8 244 52 66 中国地震局地球物理研究所 （2017） 6.25 20 262 45 80 中国地震台网中心 （2017） 6.3 23 269 47 99 本文 6.15 17 260 51 84
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表 3 使用GPAT和CAP方法所得2017年9月9日ML4.3地震反演结果的对比
Table 3 Comparison of inversion results for the ML4.3 earthquake on September 9，2017 by using GPAT and CAP methods
反演方法 节面Ⅰ 节面Ⅱ 短心深度/km 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° GPAT 281 41 73 123 51 104 14 CAP 279 44 83 108.7 46 96.7 18
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表 4 2017年8月9日精河地震余震的震源机制解
Table 4 Focal mechanism solutions for the aftershocks of Jinghe earthquake on August 9，2017
事件 震中位置 深度
/kmML 节面Ⅰ P轴 T轴 东经/° 北纬/° 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 方位角/° 倾角/° 方位角/° 倾角/° 1 82.61 44.29 13.0 4.1 270.3 44.1 93.1 178.1 0.9 −68.3 87.6 2 82.74 44.31 8.0 3.5 258.3 37.0 88.7 169.2 8.0 −5.1 82.0 3 82.78 44.21 7.0 3.1 332.0 53.0 157.3 210.0 18.0 310.0 40.0 4 82.65 44.26 8.0 3.1 230.2 89.0 13.0 4.3 8.4 95.8 9.9 5 82.74 44.32 5.0 3.0 240.0 81.0 90.2 −30.2 36.0 150.2 54.0 6 82.85 44.30 6.0 3.8 234.0 80.0 −18.0 −170.4 19.8 −78.5 5.3 7 82.65 44.25 11.0 3.0 321.0 32.0 90.0 −129.0 13.0 51.0 77.0 8 82.76 44.25 11.0 2.5 223.0 58.3 9.4 179.5 15.9 80.8 28.0 9 82.74 44.25 11.0 3.8 285.6 15.0 −37.3 −52.1 52.6 152.3 34.9 10 82.68 44.24 8.0 3.1 251.4 56.1 71.7 −5.6 9.4 115.1 72.1 11 82.64 44.26 12.0 2.7 221.0 43.0 131.0 103.0 8.8 −150.2 61.8 12 82.73 44.28 7.0 2.5 286.7 9.1 173.6 121.8 43.3 −76.1 45.3 13 82.71 44.24 12.0 2.2 211.0 62.0 −9.0 171.7 25.4 75.1 13.6 14 82.75 44.29 12.0 2.5 280.6 38.0 3.2 −112.9 32.2 130.4 35.6 15 82.71 44.29 15.0 3.9 227.5 64.3 109.8 −57.0 17.0 172.0 65.0 16 82.67 44.28 7.0 1.8 284.3 20.2 70.5 −150.5 25.7 46.1 63.4 17 82.69 44.27 6.0 1.7 315.6 45.5 −103.1 143.3 80.7 −125.2 0.3 18 82.89 44.10 8.0 1.8 210.5 39.3 −76.3 −122.9 79.2 110.8 6.4 19 82.57 44.26 6.0 2.1 294.6 50.9 144.2 169.3 7.2 −92.1 50.1 20 82.75 44.29 12.0 3.1 270.2 40.5 64.8 −162.1 7.0 85.0 72.4 21 82.87 44.29 8.0 3.6 270.9 57.1 −138.2 123.5 51.2 32.7 0.7 22 82.71 44.24 13.0 1.6 305.6 26.8 157.4 166.3 30.6 −61.1 48.9 23 82.73 44.28 11.0 1.5 232.4 79.1 −172.9 96.4 12.7 −173.0 2.7 24 82.75 44.27 10.0 1.6 218.1 86.1 64.3 −29.6 36.0 103.3 43.1 25 82.69 44.31 11.0 1.5 257.5 59.1 63.2 6.4 10.3 119.1 64.8 26 82.70 44.29 8.0 2.1 290.1 78.4 145.2 −16.8 14.7 −116.4 32.5 27 82.72 44.28 13.0 2.9 279.8 41.9 118.3 170.1 6.3 −81.7 70.4 28 82.60 44.29 11.0 2.3 233.0 73.4 38.9 −2.6 12.9 98.0 38.9 29 82.40 44.10 9.0 3.0 259.6 49.6 47.6 −161.9 3.5 102.4 58.9 30 82.77 44.29 7.0 3.2 272.0 49.8 −139.2 116.3 54.0 −145.4 5.9 31 82.77 44.29 6.0 3.6 282.8 40.3 95.9 169.3 27.8 −48.3 56.4 32 82.77 44.29 11.0 4.0 183.0 68.0 93.0 −89.3 22.9 98.4 66.9 33 82.77 44.29 7.0 3.1 286.8 53.9 −120.7 137.4 65.2 38.0 4.3 34 82.78 44.19 8.0 2.6 235.6 82.4 19.2 8.0 7.9 100.7 18.9 35 82.72 44.29 18.0 3.7 277.1 44.4 122.9 164.4 5.2 −93.3 67.0 36 82.96 44.34 14.0 1.8 268.3 40.0 40.0 122.2 155.9 9.0 −91.0 37 82.70 44.30 6.0 2.0 279.8 49.2 108.3 −3.0 2.6 −103.7 76.0 38 82.59 44.25 6.0 3.0 263.3 32.7 72.4 −174.0 13.4 42.4 73.6 39 82.34 44.26 11.0 1.8 244.4 61.3 43.3 5.5 4.9 −101.4 49.9 40 82.71 44.32 11.0 2.0 227.4 15.0 37.3 −179.3 34.9 25.1 52.6 41 82.41 44.14 9.0 2.1 231.0 85.0 97.0 −45.5 39.6 148.6 49.5 42 82.67 44.25 17.0 4.3 277.2 24.9 29.6 −127.8 29.6 95.4 52.0 43 82.71 44.29 17.0 1.4 246.4 26.7 65.0 175.0 20.1 25.9 66.9 44 82.66 44.26 12.0 2.4 261.0 55.0 65.1 8.5 6.9 116.4 68.6 45 82.70 44.32 5.0 1.6 261.9 51.0 −164.5 114.2 36.3 −142.6 17.3 46 82.68 44.23 11.0 2.0 260.3 48.2 57.5 −167.4 1.5 99.1 66.3 47 82.47 43.58 6.0 1.8 184.6 40.0 176.9 39.1 31.1 153.6 34.5 48 82.65 44.27 8.0 1.9 253.7 50.0 57.0 −173.6 0 96.3 65.3 49 82.94 44.33 11.0 2.0 276.2 74.8 120.8 −17.1 23.6 −139.1 50.5 50 83.32 44.28 8.0 2.1 286.4 37.2 −163.3 127.8 43.3 −114.6 26.1 51 83.35 44.28 17.0 3.8 290.0 32.7 79.0 −152.0 12.7 54.7 75.9 52 83.13 44.34 5.0 2.1 237.4 80.3 50.0 −2.7 24.2 110.5 40.9 53 82.99 44.31 6.0 1.7 278.4 45.5 103.1 179.2 0.3 −89.3 80.7 54 82.73 44.29 10.0 2.4 281.9 52.7 69.2 26.5 5.6 134.7 72.6 55 82.49 44.26 11.0 2.3 309.5 45.2 117.6 −159.7 3.1 −60.9 70.5 56 82.75 44.28 16.0 2.0 334.4 39.6 126.1 −140.7 10.4 −27.0 65.4 57 82.83 43.49 9.0 3.7 272.8 46.1 87.1 4.9 1.1 121.8 87.7 注：表中黑体数字为精河地震序列中部分 ML＞3.0余震及其震源机制解。
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