Analyses on observation data of quartz horizontal pendulum tiltmeter at the seismic station Bayanhot，Inner Mongolia
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摘要:
为了探究内蒙古巴彦浩特地震台石英水平摆倾斜仪观测到的背景场、固体潮、同震响应等特征对远震、近震响应的差异性，本文采用Q-Q分析、密度分析和小波分析等方法对该地震台石英水平摆倾斜仪在2015至2018年记录到的五个典型震例进行了系统分析。结果显示，近震发生前，Q-Q图和密度图中的背景场呈现明显的调整过程。此外，对本文典型震例的小波分析结果表明，石英水平摆倾斜仪所观测到的数据能够有效地识别出震前背景场扰动的高频信号，可以为周边地区中强震预测提供较好的参考。
Abstract:In order to explore the difference in the response of the background field, earth tide, coseismic response to distant earthquakes and near earthquakes, this paper systematically analyzed five earthquake cases recorded by the horizontal pendulum tiltmeter at the seismic station Bayanhot from 2015 to 2018 by the methods of Q-Q analysis, density analysis, and wavelet analysis. The result shows that the Q-Q graph and density graph of the crustal tilt at the station Bayanhot appear as an apparent adjustment process before near earthquake. Moreover, the wavelet analysis result shows that high frequency signals of background filed disturbance can be identified in the observation data recorded by horizontal pendulum tiltmeter, which can provide reference for prediction of the moderate and strong earthquakes in the surrounding areas.
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图 1 巴彦浩特地震台位置及周边断裂分布（修改自吴桂桔等，2020）图
F1：正谊关断裂；F2：巴彦浩特断裂；F3：贺兰山西麓断裂；F4：贺兰山东麓断裂；F5：芦花台断裂；F6：银川断裂；F7：黄河断裂
Figure 1. Location of the seismic station Bayanhot and distribution of faults arrounding the station
F1：Zhengyiguan fault；F2：Bayanhot fault；F3：Western Helan mountain piedmont fault；F4：Eastern Helan mountain piedmont fault；F5：Luhuatai fault；F6：Yinchuan fault；F7：Yellow River fault
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图 2 巴彦浩特台石英水平摆倾斜仪2012—2018年记录到的南北向、东西向地倾斜数据
Figure 2. Crustal tilt data in north-south and east-west directions recorded by quartz horizontal pendulum tiltmeter at the station Bayanhot from 2012 to 2018
（a） 2012-01-01—2014-12-31；（b） 2015-01-01—2018-06-30
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图 3 2015年4月15日巴彦木仁MS5.8地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜的变化曲线
Figure 3. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Bayanmuren MS5.8 earthquake on April 15，2015
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图 8 门源MS6.4地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜异常变化曲线（右侧为部分放大图）
Figure 8. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Menyuan MS6.4 earthquake （on the right is a partial enlarged view）
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图 4 2017年3—9月期间南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜的变化曲线
Figure 4. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions from March to September of 2017
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图 5 2017年6月3日额尔克哈什哈MS5.0地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜的变化曲线
Figure 5. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Erkehashiha MS5.0 earthquake on June 3，2017
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图 6 九寨沟MS7.0地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜的变化曲线（右侧为部分放大图）
Figure 6. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 earthquake （on the right is a partial enlarged view）
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图 7 固原MS4.6地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜数据变化曲线（右侧为部分放大图）
Figure 7. The variation curve of crustal tilt in the north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Guyuan MS4.6 earthquake （on the right is a partial enlarged view）
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图 9 各震例南北、东西向数据Q-Q图分析结果
（a） 巴彦木仁地震前后2015-03-20—2015-04-15期间；（b） 额尔克哈什哈地震前后2017-05-01—2017-06-04期间
Figure 9. Q-Q analysis results of the data in the north-south and east-west directions for earthquake cases
（a） The period from 20 March 2015 to 15 April 2015 around Bayanmuren earthquake；（b） The period from 1 May 2017 to 4 June 2017 around Elk Hashha earthquake
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图 9 各震例南北、东西向数据Q-Q图分析结果
（c） 九寨沟地震前后2017-06-04—2017-08-10期间；（d） 固原地震前后2017-08-10—2017-09-02期间；（e） 门源地震前后2016-01-15—2016-01-21
Figure 9. Q-Q analysis results of of the data in the north-south and east-west directions for earthquake cases
（c） The period from 4 June 2017 to 10 August 2017 around Jiuzhaigou earthquake；（d） The period from 10 August 2017 to 2 September 2017 around Guyuan earthquake；（e） The period from January 15 to 21，2016 around Menyuan earthquake
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图 10 5个震例的二维密度分析结果
（a） 巴彦木仁地震前后2015-03-20—2015-04-15期间；（b） 额尔克哈什哈地震前后2017-05-01—2017-06-04期间；（c） 九寨沟地震前后2017-06-04—2017-08-10期间；（d） 固原地震前后2017-08-10—2017-09-02期间；（e） 门源地震前后2016-01-15—2016-01-21
Figure 10. The results of two-dimensional density analysis on five earthquake cases
（a） The period from 20 March 2015 to 15 April 2015 around Bayanmuren earthquake；（b） The period from 1 May 2017 to 4 June 2017 around Elk Hashha earthquake；（c） The period from 4 June 2017 to 10 August 2017 around Jiuzhaigou earthquake；（d） The period from 10 August 2017 to 2 September 2017 around Guyuan earthquake；（e） The period from January 15 to 21，2016 around Menyuan earthquake
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图 11 2015年4月15日巴彦木仁地震前后南北（a）、东西（b）向地倾斜的小波分析结果
Figure 11. The results of wavelet analyses of crustal tilt in north-south （a） and east-west （b） directions around the Bayanmuren earthquake on April 15，2015
表 1 巴彦浩特地震台石英水平摆倾斜仪记录到的5个典型震例详情
Table 1 Details of five earthquakes recorded by the quartz horizontal pendulum tiltmeter at the station Bayanhot
序号 发震时间
年-月-日地点 北纬/° 东经/° 震中距/km 1 2015-04-15 阿拉善左旗巴彦木仁苏木 39.80 106.30 115 2 2017-06-03 阿拉善左旗额尔克哈什哈苏木 37.99 103.56 212 3 2017-08-08 四川九寨沟阿坝县 33.20 103.82 650 4 2017-09-02 宁夏自治区固原市原州区 36.28 106.01 289 5 2016-01-21 青海省海北州门源县 37.68 101.62 383 
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