Fault geometric effects on characteristics of slow slip events in south-central Alaska
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摘要: 本文采用三种不同的俯冲带几何模型，在速率-状态依赖型摩擦律和准动态算法的框架下，对阿拉斯加库克湾的慢滑移事件进行了数值模拟，以探究断层几何形状对慢滑移特征的影响。结果表明：几何因素对慢滑移的时空演化有较大影响；慢滑移区域的宽度对数值模拟的结果起着至关重要的作用；断层几何形态更平缓的区域将导致更大、更快的事件。这一结果有助于我们进一步了解慢滑移的成因以及断层几何形态对慢滑移时空演化的影响。
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关键词:
- 慢滑移 /
- 阿拉斯加中南部俯冲带 /
- 断层几何效应 /
- 速率-状态依赖型摩擦律
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of the geometry of fault model on the characteristic values of slow slip events in numerical simulations. In this paper, three different subduction zone geometric models were used to numerically simulate slow slip events （SSEs） in Cook Inlet, Alaska in the framework of rate- and state-dependent friction law and a quasi-dynamic algorithm so as to explore the influence of fault geometry on SSEs characteris-tics. The results show that the geometric factor does have great influence on the spatio-temporal evolution of SSEs. The width of the SSEs zone plays a key role in the simulation of SSEs. And the areas with gentler terrain lead to larger and faster events. The results are helpful to further understand the genesis of SSEs and the influence of fault geometry on the evolution of SSEs. -
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图 1 包括两个典型GPS台站（ATW2和AC06）的阿拉斯加中南部地区示意图
红色虚线为Li等（2013）所给出的俯冲带等深线，蓝色虚线为Slab1.0模型的俯冲带等深线（Hayes et al，2012）；红色矩形为研究区域；椭圆形为慢滑移区
Figure 1. The map of south-central Alaska including two typical GPS stations （ATW2 and AC06）
The red dashed lines indicate the contours of the plate interface depth from Li et al （2013），and the blue dashed lines indicate the contours of the Slab1.0 model （Hayes et al，2012）. The red rectangle is the studied area，and the two black ellipses are two SSEs areas
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图 2 三个俯冲带几何模型的研究区域（彩色）. 粉色线条为等深线
（a） Slab1.0模型；（b） Li等（2013）模型；（c）二维平板模型
Figure 2. The areas （colored rectangle） of three slab models where solid pink lines denote the depth contours
（a） Slab1.0 model；（b） Li et al （2013） model；（c） Planar model
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图 3 基于Slab1.0模型（a），Li等（2013）模型（b）和二维平板模型（c）的慢滑移区域（高孔隙压、速度弱化）内20—80年平均滑动速率的模拟结果
Figure 3. The average velocity over the SSE zone （velocity weakening and high pore pressure） during 20 to 80 years in the simulations based on the Slab1.0 model （a），Li et al （2013） model （b） and planar model （c）
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图 4 基于三个模型两台站y方向的地表合成位移（线性趋势已经去除）和速度
（a） AC06台站；（b） ATW2台站；（c） ATW2台站移除了Slab1.0模型的曲线
Figure 4. The synthetic surface deformation and its velocity in y direction with a linear line removed at the two stations based on the three topography models
（a） Station AC06；（b） Station ATW2；（c） Synthetic surface deformation and its velocity at the station ATW2 with the Slab1.0 model removed
表 1 阿拉斯加慢滑移数值模拟的关键参数
网格尺度H/km 成核尺寸h*/km 俯冲速率Vpl/（mm·a−1） 剪切模量G/GPa 剪切波波速cS/（km·s−1） 2 7 55 30 3 泊松比ν 稳定速率V0/（μm·s−1） 稳定摩擦率f0 慢滑移区有效正应力σn/MPa 特征滑移量Dc/mm 0.25 1 0.6 20 19.25 
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表 2 AC06和ATW2台站的慢滑移地表特征
Table 2 The SSEs surface characteristics for the stations AC06 and ATW2
模型 平均间隔/a 平均持续时间/a 平均合成位移/mm 最大速度/（mm·a−1） AC06 ATW2 AC06 ATW2 AC06 ATW2 AC06 ATW2 Slab1.0模型 6.74 25.51 4.72 0.95 38.69 185.66 17.40 3 506.10 Li模型 10.71 5.98 2.71 0.45 59.30 19.61 42.99 11.88 平板模型 9.59 10.89 8.35 7.29 48.39 50.72 20.78 22.97
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