Fault parameters and rupture process of the Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake in 2017
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摘要: 利用远震资料、近场强震资料和合成孔径雷达干涉同震形变资料确定了2017年8月9日精河MS6.6地震的断层面参数及震源破裂细节。为得到可靠的断层几何参数，发展了一套基于InSAR数据滑动分布反演的三维格点搜索流程，对本次地震断层面的走向、倾角和震源深度进行了格点搜索。结果显示，地震断层面走向为95°，倾角为47°，震源深度为14 km。基于搜索得到的断层模型进行破裂过程联合反演的结果显示：精河MS6.6地震为一次单侧破裂事件，最大滑动量约为0.8 m，滑动区域集中在断层面上震源以西5—15 km，沿倾向15—25 km，破裂主要发生在10 km深度以下区域。断层面上的平均滑动角为106°。整个破裂过程释放的标量地震矩为3.6×1018 N·m，对应矩震级为MW6.3。破裂过程持续约9 s，期间的破裂速度约为2.1—2.6 km/s。由于地震破裂主要集中在10 km以下，未来可能需要关注该区域0—10 km发生潜在地震的可能性。
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关键词:
- 2017年精河MS6.6地震 /
- 断层几何参数 /
- 震源破裂过程 /
- 联合反演
Abstract: We estimated the fault geometrical parameters and source rupture details of the Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake on August 9, 2017 by inverting teleseismic, near-field strong-motion and InSAR data. In order to determine the fault geometrical parameters, we conducted a 3-D grid search process by performing geodetic slip inversions with InSAR data, and found theoptimal values of fault strike, dip and hypocentral depth to be 95°, 47° and 14 km, respectively. Joint inversion of rupture process based on the searched fault model shows a unilateral rupture model with a maximum slip of 0.8 m. Slips mainly concentrate between 5−15 km to the west of the hypocenter, and 15−25 km along down-dip direction. Most ruptures occurred beneath 10 km depth. The average rake angle is about 106°, suggesting a purely thrust event of the earthquake. The obtained seismic scalar moment is 3.6×1018 N·m, equivalent to a magnitude of MW6.3. The rupture duration is about 9 s, in which the rupture propagated with the velocity of 2.1−2.6 km/s. Attention to occurrence of earthquakes above 10 km depth in this area may be required, as most ruptures of this earthquake occurred beneath 10 km depth. -
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图 8 不同类型数据反演得到的滑动分布和震源时间函数
（a） 远震、近场强震和InSAR数据联合反演；（b） 远震数据反演；（c） InSAR数据反演；（d） 近场强震数据反演
Figure 8. Slip distributions and source time functions of inversions with different data
（a） Joint inversion of teleseismic，strong-motion and InSAR data；（b） Inversion of teleseismic data；（c） Inversion of InSAR data；（d） Inversion of strong-motion data
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图 1 2017年8月9日精河MS6.6地震及其附近地区的构造示意图
Figure 1. Geological background of the Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake on August 9，2017
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图 2 基于InSAR滑动分布反演的格点搜索流程示意图
Figure 2. Flow chart of the grid search based on the InSAR slip inversions
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图 3 搜索得到的256个SFP点的分布
图（a）—（c）分别为倾角与走向、震源所在子断层沿倾向方向序数（简称序数）与走向、序数与倾角剖面所显示的SPF三维空间分布，圆圈表示SFP点，其尺寸对应残差大小；图（d）—（f）分别为与图（a）—（c）对应的SFP分布密度；图（g）—（i）分别为已选取的SFP＝[95，47，10]为中心，搜索空间中的走向截面、倾角截面和序数截面的平均残差
Figure 3. Distribution of the searched 256 SFPs
Figs.（a）− （c） show the SFP distribution in the cross sections of strike-dip，ordinal number of subfault along dip the epicenter located in （“ordinal”for short）-strike，and ordinal-dip，respectively，where the circles indicate the SFPs. The size of the circle denotesthe residuals，and circle color represents the number of SFPs. Figs.（d）−（f） show the density distribution of SFP correspon-ding to Figs.（a）− （c），respectively. Figs.（g）−（i） show the average residuals in the search space （selected SPF＝[95，47，10] centered） in the cross section of strike，dip and ordinal，respectively
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图 4 基于远震资料、近场强震资料和InSAR资料的地震破裂过程联合反演结果
（a） 滑动分布和震源时间函数；（b） 子断层上的子震源时间函数；（c） 每2 s积累的滑动量分布快照
Figure 4. Joint inversion results of rupture process based on teleseismic，near-field strong-motion and InSAR data
（a） Slip distribution and source time function；（b） Subfault source time functions；（c） Snapshots ofthe slip accumulated at each 2-second interval
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图 5 联合反演的观测与合成资料比较
（a） 观测（黑线）与合成（红线）远震地震波；（b） 观测（黑线）与合成（红线）近场强震地震波；（c） 观测与合成InSAR数据
Figure 5. Comparison of the observed and synthetic data of the joint inversion
（a） Observed （in black） and synthetic （in red） teleseismic data； （b） Observed （in black） and synthetic （in red） strong-motion data；（c） Observed and synthetic InSAR data
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图 6 矩心破裂传播速度
（a） 矩心的位置、时间和平均移动速度，图中时间为破裂开始后经过的时间 ；（b） 矩心的位置、时间和地震矩加权平均移动速度；（c） 破裂传播速度-时间曲线
Figure 6. Rupture velocity of the moment centroid
（a） The location，time and average velocity of the centroid，the time represents the duration after the rupture；（b） The location，time and moment-weighted average velocity of the centroid；（c） Velocity-time curves
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图 7 南倾节面与北倾节面对应的SFP残差分布
Figure 7. Residuals of the SFPs for south-dipping and north-dipping nodal planes
表 1 研究机构发布的2017年精河MS6.6地震震源定位结果和矩张量解
Table 1 Epicenter locations and focal mechanism solutions of the 2017 Jinghe MS6.6 earthquake released by different research institutes
研究机构 北纬/° 东经/° 震源深度/km 节面Ⅰ 节面Ⅱ 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° 走向/° 倾角/° 滑动角/° CENC 44.270 82.890 11 76 44 80 269 47 99 USGS 44.302 82.832 20 92 60 92 269 30 87 GFZ 44.330 82.840 24 85 47 81 277 44 99 注：GFZ为德国地学中心German Research Centre for Geosciences的缩写. 
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表 2 本文所用雷达数据信息
Table 2 Information of the radar data used in this study
轨道信息 轨道方向 时间信息 空间基线/m 时间基线/d 采样点个数 震前图 震后图 T85 升轨 2017-08-08 2017-08-14 − 92.2 37 3 285 T63 降轨 2017-08-07 2017-08-13 −119.6 37 4 271
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