Abstract: This paper firstly analyzed the periodic components of the fault hydrogen concentration observation data in Aksu, and then explored the relationship between temperature, atmospheric pressure and the annual periodic components of hydrogen concentration using the linear regression and cross-correlation methods, respectively. At the same time, the Molchan error diagram method was used to quantitatively verify the earthquake reflecting efficiency of fault hydrogen in Aksu. The results show that: ① Fault hydrogen concentration in Aksu has clear annual and semi-daily periodic components; ② There is a significant positive correlation between the annual dynamic changes of fault hydrogen concentration and temperature, and a general correlation between the annual dynamic changes of hydrogen concentration and atmospheric pressure, indicating that the annual periodic changes of hydrogen concentration are mainly affected by temperature. The results from Molchan error diagram method show that the fault hydrogen concentration anomaly in Aksu is more sensitive to moderate-strong earthquakes around the observation point, suggesting better earthquake reflecting efficiency.