Characteristic analysis of the lithospheric magnetic anomaly before the Madoi MS7.4 earthquake on 22th May 2021
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摘要: 本文利用2019年和2020年两期的全国流动地磁矢量数据，针对玛多MS7.4地震震中附近的岩石圈磁场空间分布，分析研究了岩石圈磁场各个分量的震前变化特征。结果表明，玛多MS7.4地震发生前，震中附近的岩石圈磁场分量均发生了不同程度的变化：震中位于各分量的弱变化区域和零变线附近；震中位于各分量的高梯度带和低梯度带之间。本文证实了地震发生前会引起岩石圈磁场变化这一现象，并总结了震前地磁分量的变化特征，为今后强地震（尤其是M≥7.0地震）的震磁关系研究提供了一个震例参考。Abstract: This paper analyzes and studies the magnetic anomaly characteristics of each component of the lithospheric magnetic field in the view of pre-earthquake changes of the lithospheric magnetic field near the epicenter of the Madoi MS7.4 earthquake using geomagnetic field vector data of the mainland of China in 2020 and 2019. The results show that before the Madoi MS7.4 earthquake, the lithospheric magnetic field components near the epicenter all changed to varying degrees. The Madoi MS7.4 earthquake epicenter is located at the weakly magnetic anomaly region, and near the zero-variation line of all the components. The Madoi MS7.4 earthquake epicenter is located between the high gradient belt and the low gradient belt of all the components. This paper confirms that the lithospheric magnetic anomaly will be changed before the earthquake, and summarizes characteristics of geomagnetic components magnetic anomaly, and provides a case for the future study of the seismo-magnetism, especially the earthquakes that magnitude larger than 7.0.
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图 3 岩石圈磁场垂直分量（a）、水平分量（b）、北向分量（c）和东向分量（d）变化值分布图
Figure 3. Distribution of variation value of the vertical （a），horizontal （b），north （c） and east （d） component of the lithospheric magnetic field
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图 1 玛多MS7.4地震震中周围地区地质构造简图
Figure 1. Schematic tectonic map around epicenter of Madoi MS7.4 earthquake
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图 2 岩石圈磁场总强度（a）、磁偏角（b）和磁倾角（c）变化值分布图
Figure 2. Distribution of variation value of the total intensity （a），declination （b） and inclination （c）component of the lithospheric magnetic field
表 1 日变通化三分量均方差
Table 1 The mean square error of three-component in diurnal variation reduction
时间 通化台 Fσ /nT Dσ /′ Iσ /′ 2019 CDP （成都台） 0.56 0.14 0.07 DUL （都兰台） 0.55 0.17 0.07 JYG （嘉峪关台） 0.72 0.15 0.03 LZH （兰州台） 0.44 0.15 0.06 TSY （天水台） 0.13 0.13 0.09 2020 CDP （成都台） 0.33 0.09 0.04 GLM （格尔木台） 0.48 0.10 0.04 JYG （嘉峪关台） 0.50 0.13 0.04 LZH （兰州台） 0.28 0.08 0.04 TSY （天水台） 0.33 0.13 0.02 
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表 2 数据处理过程中的物理量及其含义
Table 2 The implication of physical quantities in data processing
物理量 含义 ${F}_{P}^{ {\rm{0} } } $ 测点P通过日变通化得到通化零时的结果 ${F}_{P}^{ {{t} } } $ 测点P在时间t时的地磁测量值 ${F}_{S}^{ {{t} } } $ 通化参考台S在时间t时的观测分钟值数据 ${F}_{S}^{ {{0} } } $ 通化参考台S在所处时区地方时00:00—03:00的连续观测分钟值数据平均值 ${F}_{P}^{{\rm{sv}}} $ 测点P经过长期变化改正到标准地磁年代的结果 $ { \Delta }_{P}^{{\rm{sv}}} $ 测点P处地磁场长期变化改正参考数值 ${F}_{P}^{ {{a} } } $ 测点P经地磁正常场剥离后所获得的岩石圈磁场数值 ${F}_{P}^{ {{{\rm{n}}} } } $ 测点P处的地磁正常场参考数值
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表 3 岩石圈磁场分量变化极值的位置和强度
Table 3 Location and intensity of extreme values of lithospheric magnetic anomalies
地磁场分量 ΔF ΔD ΔI ΔZ ΔH ΔX ΔY 东经/° 103.00 102.05 94.89 102.91 94.92 102.91 94.89 102.04 102.92 94.94 102.91 94.92 94.89 102.91 北纬/° 34.85 36.00 32.00 35.36 32.00 35.36 32.00 36.02 35.36 32.00 35.36 32.00 32.00 35.36 极值 9.51 nT −9.81 nT 3.58′ −1.25′ 1.02′ −1.35′ 10.24 nT −13.15 nT 18.20 nT −11.25 nT 17.63 nT −11.10 nT 34.46 nT −11.94 nT
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