基于改进两步差法的玛多MS7.4地震微波异常研究

刘善军, 纪美仪, 宋丽美, 魏恋欢

刘善军,纪美仪,宋丽美,魏恋欢. 2023. 基于改进两步差法的玛多MS7.4地震微波异常研究. 地震学报,45(2):328−340. DOI: 10.11939/jass.20210193
引用本文: 刘善军,纪美仪,宋丽美,魏恋欢. 2023. 基于改进两步差法的玛多MS7.4地震微波异常研究. 地震学报,45(2):328−340. DOI: 10.11939/jass.20210193
Liu S J,Ji M Y,Song L M,Wei L H. 2023. Microwave anomaly of Maduo MS7.4 earthquake derived by improved two-step difference method. Acta Seismologica Sinica45(2):328−340. DOI: 10.11939/jass.20210193
Citation: Liu S J,Ji M Y,Song L M,Wei L H. 2023. Microwave anomaly of Maduo MS7.4 earthquake derived by improved two-step difference method. Acta Seismologica Sinica45(2):328−340. DOI: 10.11939/jass.20210193

基于改进两步差法的玛多MS7.4地震微波异常研究

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1509202)、国家自然科学基金重点项目(41930108)和国家自然科学基金面上项目(42071453)共同资助
详细信息
    作者简介:

    刘善军,博士,教授,主要从事遥感-岩石力学、矿山环境遥感、灾害遥感及3S技术在地质及矿业中的应用等方面的研究,e-mail:liusjdr@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P315.72

Microwave anomaly of Maduo MS7.4 earthquake derived by improved two-step difference method

  • 摘要: 针对2011年提出的两步差法在地震微波异常提取中的不足,提出了改进两步差法,该方法通过使用层次聚类和小波分析两种算法,克服了原方法中未考虑不同地物类型引起的亮温差异、亮温背景场不够稳健等问题,从而使异常结果在空间形态和异常幅度上更加合理,并将该方法应用于2021年5月22日青海省玛多县MS7.4地震的微波异常提取。结果显示,玛多地震前三个月出现了一条长约900 km、增温幅值达12 K的NE向亮温增温条带,与2010年4月14日MS7.1玉树地震前异常特征在空间分布和演化特征上均有很高的相似性。此外,异常出现的时间和幅度与震级有一定相关性,震级较大的玛多地震出现异常时间较早,幅度较大;而震级较小的玉树地震出现异常时间较晚,幅度较小,且两次地震的微波亮温增温幅值均达8 K以上。初步的机理分析认为,地震前的微波异常条带与该区域的NE向张性断裂和张性断陷带在空间上分布一致,异常的出现可能与地震前该断陷带的地热活动以及地表岩石的发射率变化有关。
    Abstract: In response to the shortcomings of the two-step difference method for extracting seismic microwave anomalies proposed in 2011, an improved two-step difference method which incorporates hierarchical clustering and wavelet analysis is proposed to overcome the problems resulted from ignoring the brightness temperature differences caused by ground cover types and the lack of robustness of the brightness temperature background field in the original method, thus making the anomaly results more reasonable in terms of spatial pattern and anomaly amplitude. The method is applied to the microwave anomaly extraction of the MS7.4 earthquake in Maduo County, Qinghai Province on May 22, 2021. The results show that a NE-trending brightness temperature increase strip with a length of about 900 km and an amplitude of 12 K appeared three months before the Maduo earthquake, which has high similarity in spatial distribution and evolution characteristics with the anomaly characteristics of the MS7.1 Yushu earthquake on April 14, 2010. Furthermore, the appearing time and magnitude of the anomalies are related to the magnitude of the earthquakes. The anomalies of MS7.4 Maduo earthquake appeared earlier than MS7.1 Yushu earthquake with larger scale, and the temperatureincrease of microwave brightness due to both earthquakes reached more than 8 K. Preliminary mechanism analysis suggests that the pre-earthquake microwave anomaly stripes are consistent with the spatial distribution of NEward tensional fractures and extensional fracture zones in the region, and the appearance of the anomalies may be related to the geothermal activity of the fracture zones and the emissivity changes of surface rocks before the earthquakes.
  • 图  1   改进两步差法流程图

    Figure  1.   Flowchart of the improved two-step difference method

    图  2   青藏高原中东部主要地貌

    Figure  2.   Landforms of the central and eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

    图  3   2021年2月6日至3月23日微波亮温原始数据

    Figure  3.   Microwave brightness temperature data from February 6 to March 23,2021

    图  4   玛多地震前的微波亮温异常时空演化图

    Figure  4.   Spatio-temporal evolution of the microwave brightness temperature anomaly prior to the Maduo earthquake

    图  5   玉树地震微波亮温异常时空演化图

    Figure  5.   Spatio-temporal evolution of the microwave brightness temperature anomaly prior to the Yushu earthquake

    图  6   玉树地震震前利用两步差法(a−c)和改进两步差法(d−f)提取的微波异常结果对比

    Figure  6.   Comparison between the microwave anomalies derived by two-step difference (a−c) and the improved two-step difference method (d−f)

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-12-23
  • 修回日期:  2022-02-23
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-03-30
  • 发布日期:  2023-03-14

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