Detecting shallow sedimentary structures in Sanhe and Tangshan seismic regions using H/V spectral ratio method
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摘要:
利用一条穿过三河和唐山地震区的密集地震探测剖面数据，采用H/V谱比法获得了三河、唐山地震区及邻近区域的地壳浅部沉积结构特征、场地共振频率及易破坏程度等参数。结果表明：研究区松散沉积层厚度约为100—800 m，呈现出NW浅而SE深的变化特征；探测剖面西北部通县隆起的沉积层厚度约为350—450 m，沉积层界面起伏平缓；大厂凹陷沉积层厚度约为300—600 m，横向变化特征显著。测线东南部唐山地震区地壳浅部存在上下两组较明显的沉积界面：上层界面深度约为100 m，呈水平展布；下层界面深度约为300—800 m，且向东南方向逐渐加深。三河和唐山地震区的场地放大系数约为3—4，场地易破坏程度均大于20，显示出地表建筑物易破坏程度较高的特征。
Abstract:In the Sanhe and Tangshan seismic regions and their adjacent areas, the shallow crustal sedimentary structures detecting using H/V spectral ratio method has important scientific significance for regional seismic hazard risk assessment and engineering seismic fortification. In this paper, according to the data of a dense seismic sounding profile passing through the Sanhe and Tangshan seismic regions, the characteristics of the shallow crustal sedimentary structure, the site resonance frequency and the degree of vulnerability to damage in the Sanhe and Tangshan seismic regions and adjacent areas are obtained by using the H/V spectral ratio method. The results show that the thickness of loose sediment layer in the studied area is about 100–800 m, showing the characteristics of shallow in the northwest and deep in the southeast. The sedimentary thickness of the Tongxian uplift in the northwest of the exploration profile is about 350–450 m, the sedimentary interface fluctuates gently, and the sedimentary thickness of Dachang depression is about 300–600 m, with significant lateral variation characteristics. There are two sets of obvious sedimentary interfaces in the shallow part of the Tangshan earthquake region in the southeastern part of the survey line. The depth of the upper layer interface is about 100 m and is horizontally distributed. The depth of the lower layer interface is about 300–800 m, and gradually deepens toward the southeast. The site magnification factor of the Sanhe and Tangshan earthquake regions is about 3–4, and the site’s vulnerability to damage is greater than 20, showing that the surface buildings are more vulnerable to damage.
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图 1 三河—唐山短周期密集地震测线分布图
F1：黄庄—高丽营断裂；F2：顺义—良乡断裂；F3：通县—南苑断裂；F4：夏垫断裂；F5：香河断裂；F6：丰台—野鸡坨断裂；F7：唐山断裂；F8：宁河—昌黎断裂（引自刘保金等，2009，2011），下同
Figure 1. Distribution map of short period dense seismic lines in Sanhe-Tangshan
F1：Huangzhuang-Gaoliying fault；F2：Shunyi-Liangxiang fault；F3：Tongxian-Nanyuan fault；F4：Xiadian fault；F5：Xianghe fault；F6：Fengtai-Yejituo fault；F7：Tangshan fault； F8：Ninghe-Changli fault （after Liu et al，2009，2011），the same below
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图 4 三河地震区地壳浅部H/V谱比法二维伪深度剖面图与地震反射结果图对比
剖面位置为图1剖面线的西段，白色虚线为本文获得的三河地震区地壳浅部H/V谱比法二维伪深度剖面图中沉积层厚度走向
Figure 4. Comparison between 2D pseudo-depth profile by H/V spectral ratio method and seismic reflection result map of shallow crust in Sanhe seismic region
（The profile location is the west section of the profile line shown in Fig. 1，the white dashed line shows the thickness trend of sedimentary layer in the shallow crust 2D pseudo-depth profile by H/V spectral ratio method obtained in the Sanhe seismic region）
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图 5 唐山地震区地壳浅部H/V谱比法二维伪深度剖面图（a）与地震反射结果图（b）（刘保金等，2011）对比
剖面位置为图1剖面线的东段，图（a）中紫色虚线为Bao等（2018）的剖面沉积层厚度走向，白色虚线为本文的沉积层厚度走向
Figure 5. Comparison between 2D pseudo depth profile by H/V spectral ratio method （a） and seismic reflection result map （b）（Liu et al，2011） of shallow crust in Tangshan seismic area
The profile location is the east section of the profile line shown in Fig. 1 ，in Fig. （a），the purple dotted line is the trend of sediment thickness from Bao et al （2018），and the white dotted line is the trend of sediment thickness in this paper
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图 6 唐山断裂、夏垫断裂附近两个观测点的H/V谱比曲线
Figure 6. H/V spectral ratio curves of two observation points
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图 7 研究区场地放大系数（a）和场地易破坏程度（b）分布图
红色圆点代表每个台站的数据；蓝色三角形代表10 km内各台站数据的平均值
Figure 7. Distribution map of site magnification factor （a） and site vulnerability （b） in the studied area
The red dots represent the data of each station；the blue triangles represent the average value of the data from stations within 10 km
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