Effect of parameters on near-fault ground-motion simulations for moderate-strong earthquakes by stochastic finite-fault method
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摘要: 介绍了模拟地震动时程的随机有限断层法及近年来对该方法的改进，改进后的随机有限断层法适合模拟中强地震；比较了不同场地方位角的中强地震近场地震动时程与平均伪加速度反应谱(PSA)；定量分析了中强地震近场地震动模拟结果的参数敏感性. 结果表明：不同场地方位角的中强地震近场PSA在短周期部分差别较大；应力降是模型中最重要的参数，其对反应谱短周期部分影响最大；几何扩散系数对PSA的整体影响也较为明显. 将随机有限断层法应用到工程安全性评价工作中时，应当重点关注对反应谱短周期部分影响较大的应力降和该区域的几何扩散系数，同时要调查该区域优势场地方位角的分布，更加合理地控制中强地震近场强震动的模拟.Abstract: This paper described stochastic finite-fault method and related improvements which have been widely used in simulating acceleration time histories. The improved method is more suitable for the simulation of moderate-strong earthquakes. And then we compared the time histories and average PSA (pseudo-acceleration response spectra) of near-fault moderate-strong earthquakes for different site azimuths so as to analyze parametric sensitivity quantitatively to near-fault ground-motion simulations for moderate-strong earthquakes using the revised program. The results show that PSA values are apparenly different at short period for different site azimuths, and stress drop is the most important model parameter, which controls response spectra at short period. In addition, the geometric-spreading coefficient has a significant impact on PSA. Therefore, in order to get more accurate simulations for the near-fault moderate-strong earthquakes we should focus on stress drop and geometric-spreading coefficient which have great influence on PSA values at short period when applying stochastic finite-fault method to the seismic safety evaluation of moderate earthquakes. And the distribution of dominating site azimuths is another factor which should also be considered in this situation.
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图 1 随机有限断层模型示意图 (引自 Beresnev，Atkinson，1997)
Figure 1. Sketch of stochastic finite-fault model(after Beresnev，Atkinson，1997)
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图 2 断层地表投影及场点示意图(断层距Rrup=10 km)
Figure 2. Sketch of fault surface projection and sites location (Rrup=10 km)
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图 3 不同场地方位角ϕ2的加速度时程对比图震源位于走向反方向的断层上边界顶点，MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=50°
Figure 3. Comparison of acceleration time histories for different site azimuths ϕ2Hypocenter is located at the upper corner of the fault opposite to strike direction，MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=50°
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图 4 不同场地方位角ϕ2的平均伪加速度反应谱(PSA)对比图指定场地方位角下对10个随机震源伪加速度反应谱取平均的结果. MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=50°
Figure 4. Comparison of average PSA values for different site azimuths ϕ2The curve is average result of 10 r and om hypocenter pseudo-acceleration response spectra for a given site azimuth，MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=50°
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图 5 不同场地方位角ϕ2的加速度时程对比图震源位于走向反方向的断层上边界顶点. MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=90°
Figure 5. Comparison of acceleration time histories for different site azimuths ϕ2Hypocenter is located at the upper corner of the fault opposite to strike direction，MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=90°
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图 6 不同场地方位角ϕ2的平均伪加速度反应谱(PSA)对比图指定场地方位角下对10个随机震源伪加速度反应谱取平均的结果. MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=90°
Figure 6. Comparison of average PSA values for different site azimuths ϕ2The curve is average result of 10 r and om hypocenter pseudo-acceleration response spectra for a given site azimuth，MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，δ=90°
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图 7 不同参数的平均伪加速度反应谱(PSA)对比图(MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km)
Figure 7. Comparison of average PSA values for different parameters(MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km)
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图 8 平均伪加速度反应谱(PSA)与参数变化幅度关系(MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，ϕ2=90°)
Figure 8. Variation amplitude relations between average PSA values and parameters(MW=5.5，Rrup=10 km，ϕ2=90°)
表 3 参数与平均PSA变化幅度对应表(ϕ2=90°)
Table 3 Variation amplitude of parameters and corresponding average PSA values(ϕ2=90°)
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