原地应力、岩层原地强度及中国大陆之应力场
IN-SITU STRESS, IN-SITU STRENGTH OF ROCKS AND THE CHINA MAINLAND STRESS FIELD
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摘要: 本文根据中国8个油田中150个井段的水压致裂资料,研究了各地区的水平应力随深度的变化,发现平均水平应力和垂直应力的比值在4000m深处大体上在0.8至1.2范围内,高值对应逆断层,低值对应正断层,实测结果与各地区断层活动特征相互一致.将各区实测最大水平主应力值均归算到海平面以下4000m深处.可以看出,最大水平主应力是随着对印度板块一欧亚板块间的缝合线的距离增加而减小,这与用震源机制作出的中国大陆主应力方向的辐射状分布所暗示的力源中心之推断相互印证.本文还利用压裂曲线试验求取岩层之原地抗张强度,实际结果表现出一定的规律性,强度随岩层之埋深而增加,也随埋藏年代之对数而线性增加,这些强度数据也与实验室结果大体相符.Abstract: Based on the data of hydrofracturing from 150 segments in 8 oil fields in China, in this paper, we studied the variation in horizontal stress with depth in some areas, and found that the ratios of average horizontal stress to vertical stress are about 0.8-1.2 at the depth of 4000 m, the high values corresponding to reverse faults, and low ones to normal faults. The results of in situ measurements coinside with the features of fault activity in every area. We find that the more distant from the boundary between the Eurasian and Indian plates the less the maximum horizontal stress becomes; the values are normalized to the depth of 4000 m with respect to the sea level after making the elevation correction of well sites. This result and the hypothesis of Force Source Center hinted by the radiant distribution of the direction of the principal stress in the China mainland from focal mechanisms solutions support each other. We also got the in-situ tensile strength of rocks by use of the hydrofracturing curve tests. The actual result shows a certain degree of regularity: the strength increases with the depth of rocks, also varies linearly with the logarithm of the age of rocks. These field strength data coinside roughly with experimental results.
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[1] Haimson, B. C., 1976. The hydrofracturing stress measuring technique method and recent field results in the‘.S. Proc. International Society of Rock Mechanics Symposium on Investigation of Stress in Rock Advances in Stress Measurement. Sydney.
[2] Fletcher, J. B., 1984. A comparison between thr tectonic stress measured in'situ and stress parametera from induced seismicity at Monticello Reservior, South California. J. Geophys. Res. 87,
[3] 6931——6944.
[4] 陈家庚、曹新玲、李自强,1982.水压致裂法测定华北地下深部应力.地震学报,4,350——362.
[5] Li Ziqiang, Cao Xinling, Chen Jiageng, Liu Jianzhong and Zhang Zhi, 1985. Some considerations on the recent tectonic stress field of China.丁ertonophysies, 117, 161——176.
[6] 丁健民、梁国平,1985.唐山、天津和沧州地区的油井水力压裂应力测量.地震学报,7,363——373,
[7] 李方全、刘光勋,1986.我国现今地应力状态及有关问题.地震学报,8,156——171.
[8] 邸家全、时振粱、环文林、汪素云,1979.中国及邻区现代构造应力场的区域特证.地震学报,1,10—— 24,
[9] 顾功叙、林庭煌、时振梁等,1983.中国地震目录,科学出版社.[1] Haimson, B. C., 1976. The hydrofracturing stress measuring technique method and recent field results in the‘.S. Proc. International Society of Rock Mechanics Symposium on Investigation of Stress in Rock Advances in Stress Measurement. Sydney.
[2] Fletcher, J. B., 1984. A comparison between thr tectonic stress measured in'situ and stress parametera from induced seismicity at Monticello Reservior, South California. J. Geophys. Res. 87,
[3] 6931——6944.
[4] 陈家庚、曹新玲、李自强,1982.水压致裂法测定华北地下深部应力.地震学报,4,350——362.
[5] Li Ziqiang, Cao Xinling, Chen Jiageng, Liu Jianzhong and Zhang Zhi, 1985. Some considerations on the recent tectonic stress field of China.丁ertonophysies, 117, 161——176.
[6] 丁健民、梁国平,1985.唐山、天津和沧州地区的油井水力压裂应力测量.地震学报,7,363——373,
[7] 李方全、刘光勋,1986.我国现今地应力状态及有关问题.地震学报,8,156——171.
[8] 邸家全、时振粱、环文林、汪素云,1979.中国及邻区现代构造应力场的区域特证.地震学报,1,10—— 24,
[9] 顾功叙、林庭煌、时振梁等,1983.中国地震目录,科学出版社.
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