Relationship between seismicity and crustal thermal structure in North China
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摘要: 本文应用双差定位法对2009—2015年华北地区发生的地震进行了重新定位， 共得到6225次地震的精确定位结果. 结果显示, 重定位后的小震更加集中分布于断裂附近， 震源深度多为5—15 km. 利用基于三维分形磁化模型的中心点法获得了华北地区的居里点深度并计算了磁性层的平均地温梯度， 进而利用随温度变化的热导率一维稳态热传导方程获得了华北地区的地壳温度结构． 结果显示： ① 除张渤地震带中东部地区以外， 大多数地震均发生在地温梯度较小的地方； ② 1966年邢台MS7.2地震和1976年唐山MS7.8地震均发生在地温梯度较小的地方， 二者发生的温度约为200℃—300℃； ③ 大多数M≥2.0地震发生的温度为100℃—500℃， M≥4.0地震发生的温度多为200℃—400℃． 这些温度与实验室地壳岩石脆-塑性变形过渡区的温度测量值相当， 表明华北地区的地震多发生在地壳脆-塑性变形过渡区．Abstract: This study relocates 6225 earthquakes recorded in North China during 2009 to 2015 using the double-difference location algorithm. The result shows that the relocated earthquakes are more concentrated around the faults and most focal depths range between 5 and 15 km. Then the Curie-point depths are estimated by using the centroid spectral method based on 3D fractal magnetization model, and the average thermal gradients of the magnetic layer are calculated. Furthermore, crustal temperatures are estimated based on the 1D steady thermal conduction equation with temperature-dependent conductivities. Our results show that most of the earthquakes occurred in the regions with low thermal gradients except for those in the central-eastern part of the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone. Both the 1966 MS7.2 Xingtai earthquake and 1976 MS7.8 Tang-shan earthquake occurred in the low thermal gradient regions with estimated tem-peratures ranging between 200℃ and 300℃. The evaluated temperature range for most of the earthquakes with M≥2.0 is between 100℃ and 500℃, and the temperature range is between 200℃ and 400℃ for large earthquakes with M≥4.0. All these temperatures are in line with that of the crustal brittle-ductile transition observed in laboratory studies, suggesting that most earthquakes in North China occurred in the crustal brittle-ductile transition zone.
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图 1 研究区构造及震中分布图
黑色三角形为地震台站,蓝色圆点为原始地震目录震中,红色星号分别为1966年邢台MS7.2地震(徐锡伟等,2000)和1976年唐山MS7.8地震(王健,2001),红色框为地震重定位范围
Figure 1. Map of tectonics and epicenters distribution in the studied region
Black triangles are seismic stations,blue dots are initial epicenters from the catalogue. Red stars represent the 1966 MS7.2 Xingtai earthquake(Xu et al,2000)and 1976 MS7.8 Tangshan earthquake(Wang,2001). Red lines limit the region for relocation in this study
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图 2 华北地震重定位结果
(a)为重定位后的震中分布,紫线为研究区东、 西部速度模型分界线,红线为3条剖面位置； (b)和(c)分别为重定位后沿纬度和经度方向的震中分布侧面图；(d)和(e)分别为重定位前和重定位后的震源深度统计图；(f)为速度模型
Figure 2. Relocation results of earthquakes in North China
(a)is epicenters distribution after relocation,purple line is the boundary between the eastern and western parts of different velocity models used in this study,red lines are locations of three profiles;(b)and(c)are side views of focal depths along the latitude and longitude directions after relocation,respectively;(d)and(e)are histograms of focal depths before and after relocation,respectively;(f)show velocity models,red and black lines represent western and eastern velocity models,respectively
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图 3 重定位前(上)、 后(下)AA′,BB′和CC′剖面的深度对比图
(a)张渤地震带；(b)山西地震带；(c)唐山—邢台地震带
Figure 3. Comparison of focal depths of AA′,BB′,CC′ vertical profiles before(upper)and after(lower)relocation
(a)Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone;(b)Shanxi seismic zone; (c)Tangshan--Xingtai seismic zone
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图 6 华北地区磁性层平均地温梯度
Figure 6. Average thermal gradients of magnetic layer in North China
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