对1812年3月8日新疆尼勒克8级地震发震构造的初步探讨a
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ORIGINAL TECTONICS OF THE NILK QUAKE (M=8) IN XINJIANG OCCURRED ON MAR. 8, 1812
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摘要: 本文根据现场考察,航片解译和历史记载资料,对1812年3月8日尼勒克地震的震级及地震地质背景进行了讨论。根据地震主断裂带的展布和运动特征与喀什河断裂带相一致等特点,指出1812年尼勒克8级大震是喀什河断裂作右旋逆冲的结果。 喀什河断裂是一条控制伊犁盆地北界和喀什河河谷的活断裂,它错断了喀什河阶地和古尼勒克沟,有着明显的新活动性。在震区还发现了一些古地震遗迹。对比1812年地震陡坎和古地震陡坎角度变化情况,对断层运动速率进行了估计,并估算出喀什河断裂带发生M8地震的重复周期为800——1600年。Abstract: Based on the field investigation,the interpretation of aerial photographs and the historical data,the magnitude of the Nilk quake on Mar. 8,1812,and its seismologeolog-ical background have been discussed. It indicates that the quake is the result of the dextral overthrust of the kashi River Fault for its main fault distribution and motion character consistent with that of the Kashi River Fault Zone.'The Kashi River Fault is an active fault,which controls the north boundary of the Yili-Basin,and the Kashi River Valley,and it also truncate the Kashi River terrace and the palaeo-Nilk gully,until now it is still in activity. We are found some trails of the palaeo-earthquake in this region. By comparing the variation of the scarps occurred in the quake of 1812,with that of the fault surface occurred in the palaeo-earthquake and its ratio of the fault motion,the present result indicates that the recurrence period of the Nilk quake (M=8) is 1200400 years.
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[6] 彭万里、许昭永,断层组合方式对地震孕育过程影响的实验研究,地震科学研究,1983,5; 25——29.
[7] Eucknam, R. C.,等,根据断崖高度——坡角的关系计算断层崖年龄(程绍平、孙建中译),活断层研究,189——194,地震出版社,1983,
[8] 松田时彦,断层地震,地置学论集,第12号,15——29,日本地鬓学会,1976.[1] 袁大化(清),新疆图志山脉志,36,41.
[2] 徐松(清),西域水道记,4,10,主善书局石印本,光绪癸己年.
[3] 松药(清),新疆识略10,厂务,16,道光元年刊本.
[4] 顾功叙,中国地震目录,48,科学出版社,1983.
[5] 国家地震局兰州地震研究所、宁夏回族自治区地震队,1920年海原大地震, 6——30,地震出版社,1980.
[6] 彭万里、许昭永,断层组合方式对地震孕育过程影响的实验研究,地震科学研究,1983,5; 25——29.
[7] Eucknam, R. C.,等,根据断崖高度——坡角的关系计算断层崖年龄(程绍平、孙建中译),活断层研究,189——194,地震出版社,1983,
[8] 松田时彦,断层地震,地置学论集,第12号,15——29,日本地鬓学会,1976.
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