唐山、天津和沧州地区的油井水力压裂应力测量
STRESS MEASUREMENT BY HYDRAULIC FRACTURING IN OIL-WELLS OF NORTE CHINA
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摘要: 本文研究了唐山、天津和沧州地区的油井压裂记录,发现已充砂裂缝比未充砂裂缝条件下测得的瞬时闭合压力明显增高,并指出这一差值乃是由裂缝内砂子的支撑作用引起的。因此,在采用油井压裂记录确定地应力时,应考虑裂缝中砂子支撑作用带来的影响。 本文还对该地区具有未充砂条件下的油井压裂记录进行了分析,讨论了油井水力压裂应力测量的力学机制和解释方法。 最后讨论了油井水力压裂应力测量结果,得出该地区0——4000米深度范围内主应力随深度的线性变化关系,表明分布在该地区的北北东向断裂的现今活动,是属于右旋走向滑动类型。Abstract: This paper discusses the data of hydraulic fracturing in oil-wells collected from Tangshan,Tianjin and Cangzhou in North China. It has been found that the instantaneous shut-in pressure,measured in wells with sand-filled fissures is definitely higher than that without sand-filled fissures. The authors suggest that such a difference is caused by the supporting action of the sand in the fissures. Therefore,the effect of the supporting action of sand in fissures,must be considered when stress is to be determined by using the data of hydraulic fracturing.The data obtained from oil-wells without sandfilling of fissures are analysed,and then the physical mechanism and the method of explanation for stress measurement by hydraulic fracturing in oil-wells are discussed.Finally,the results of stress measurement are also discussed. The changes of principal stress with depth between 0-4000 meters in these areas are determined. It turns out that the activities of the north-north east faults are of righthanded strike-slip type.
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[1] 陈家庚、曹新玲、李自强,水力压裂法测定华北地下深部应力,地震学报,4, 350——360, 1982,
[2] 海姆森、图尔恰尼诺夫著,地应力测量与研究,丁健民等译,101——114地震出版社,1982.
[3] G. C.豪瓦德著,油层水力压裂,付灿帮等译,199——203,石油工业出版社,1980.
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[5] Brown, E. T., and Hoek, E., Trends in relationshps between measured in——situ stresses and depth, Int. J. Rock Mech. Sci, and Geomech. Abstr., 15, 211——215, 1978.
[6] Haimson, B. C., and Rummel, F., Hydrofracruring stress measurements in the IRDP drillhole at Reydrfjordur, Iceland, J. Geophys. Res., 87, B8, 6631——6649, 1982.
[7] Hiroaki Tsukahara, Stress measurements utilizing the hydraulic fracturing technique in the Kanto——Tokai area, Japan, Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements, National Academy Press, 18——27, 1983.
[8] Rummel, F., Baumgartner, J., and Alheid, H. J., Hydraulic fracturing stress measurements along the eastern boundary of the SW——German block, Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements, National Academy Press, 3——17, 1983.
[9] 梁国平、丁健民,用地面电测法测定水压破裂面延伸方向的试验,地晨,1983, 3: 35——37,
[10] 李方全、王连捷,华北地区地应力测量,地球物理学报,22, 1——8, 1979,
[11] 丁健民、梁国平,唐山地震(1970和三河一平谷地震(1679)附近的地应力场特征,弛震学报,‘,195——2021984,
[12] 许忠淮、刘玉芬、张郧珍,京津唐张地区地震应力场的方向特征,地震学报,1, 121——132, 1979.[1] 陈家庚、曹新玲、李自强,水力压裂法测定华北地下深部应力,地震学报,4, 350——360, 1982,
[2] 海姆森、图尔恰尼诺夫著,地应力测量与研究,丁健民等译,101——114地震出版社,1982.
[3] G. C.豪瓦德著,油层水力压裂,付灿帮等译,199——203,石油工业出版社,1980.
[4] Zoback, M. D., Tsukahara, H., and Hickman, D., Stress measurements at depth in the vicinity of the San Andreas fault: Implications for the magnitude of shear stress at depth,].Geoph ys. Res.,85, B11——12, 6157——6173, 1980.
[5] Brown, E. T., and Hoek, E., Trends in relationshps between measured in——situ stresses and depth, Int. J. Rock Mech. Sci, and Geomech. Abstr., 15, 211——215, 1978.
[6] Haimson, B. C., and Rummel, F., Hydrofracruring stress measurements in the IRDP drillhole at Reydrfjordur, Iceland, J. Geophys. Res., 87, B8, 6631——6649, 1982.
[7] Hiroaki Tsukahara, Stress measurements utilizing the hydraulic fracturing technique in the Kanto——Tokai area, Japan, Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements, National Academy Press, 18——27, 1983.
[8] Rummel, F., Baumgartner, J., and Alheid, H. J., Hydraulic fracturing stress measurements along the eastern boundary of the SW——German block, Hydraulic Fracturing Stress Measurements, National Academy Press, 3——17, 1983.
[9] 梁国平、丁健民,用地面电测法测定水压破裂面延伸方向的试验,地晨,1983, 3: 35——37,
[10] 李方全、王连捷,华北地区地应力测量,地球物理学报,22, 1——8, 1979,
[11] 丁健民、梁国平,唐山地震(1970和三河一平谷地震(1679)附近的地应力场特征,弛震学报,‘,195——2021984,
[12] 许忠淮、刘玉芬、张郧珍,京津唐张地区地震应力场的方向特征,地震学报,1, 121——132, 1979.
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