由二维破裂模式导出的地震定标律

SCALING LAW FROM TWO-DIMENSIONAL FAULTING MODEL

  • 摘要: 使用二维矩形破裂模式,导出了大小不同地震的震源位移谱的表达式.位移谱有三个拐角频率fc1,fc2,fc3.fc1和fc2分别联系着长度方向和宽度方向的破裂时间,fc3联系着震源函数的上升时间.根据三个拐角频率,可以把位移谱u()分成四个区域,在Ⅰ区,fc1,u()=u(0)f0;在Ⅱ区,fc1c2,u()1/f;在Ⅲ区,fc2c3,u()1/f2;在Ⅵ区,f >fc3,u()1/f3.由于在四个区域u()随频率的增加下降的速度不一样,决定了震源参数在不同的震级范围内(也就是不同地震矩范围)有不同的表达式.假定地震满足几何相似、应力环境相似以及动力学相似条件,因而地震矩M0,长度和宽度方向的破裂时间、上升时间都可以用断层长度L来定标。根据Dziewonski and Woodhouse给出的1981——1983年800多个地震的地震矩M0资料,以及BISC给出的面波震级Ms、体波震级mb,来确定定标律中的常数.这样就可以从定标律推导出震源参数之间的统计关系.

     

    Abstract: The spectra of the far-field body wave displacement for various magnitude earthquakes are derived,using a two-dimensional faulting model featuring a rectangular fault. There are three corner frequencies fc1,fc2,fc3, in the displacement spectra,fc1 and fc2 relate to faulting times for the length and width directions on the rectangular fault respectively,and fc3 corresponds to the rise time of the source lime function. According to these three corner frequency values,four spectral regions are defined,u()=u(0)f0,fc1 in the first region; u()1/f,fc1c2 in the second region; u() 1/f2,fc2c3 in the third region;u()1/f3,f>fc3 in the fourth region. Since there are different attenuation rates with frequency in the spectra,this case results in different source parameter relations for different magnitude ranges (i.e. different ranges of seismic moment). It is supposed that earthquake faulting is satisfied with the three conditions of geometrical similarity,stress environment and dynamic similarity,then seismic moment,faulting time along the length and width of the fault and rise time can be all scaled with fault length. The constants in scaling relations can be determined from seismic moment data for about 800 earthquakes that occurred during 1981-1983 given by Dziewonski and Woodhouse (1983),and Ms,mb data by ISC Bulletion. Thus the relations between the source parameters can be deduced from the scaling law,rather than pure statistical relations.

     

/

返回文章
返回