沿断层逸出的氢气对地震的诱发作用
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摘要: 试验表明,方解石等非金属材料经短时、低压渗氢处理后显微硬度、晶格常数均明显减小,这意味着氢扩散可引起非金属材料的强度下降、材料弱化.地球内部各种化学反应所生成的氢气及地球形成时其内部所聚集的氢气都要沿断裂带向上迁移,逸出,在其逸出的同时将明显降低岩石、岩层的强度,使断层在低构造应力作用下有可能发生断裂.氢气浓度异常从现象上看是被动的、断层活动的反映,而氢气逸出本身对断层运动却有能动的诱发作用.
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[16] Sugisaki, R, and Sugiura, T.,1985. Geochemical indicator of tectonic stress resulting m an earthquake in central Japan, 1984. Science, 229,1261——1262.[1] Cahoon, J.,Broughton,W.and Kutzak,A.,1971.Thc determination of ymld strength Irom hardness measurements. Melallurgioull Trunsucliuru, 2,1979——1983.
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[3] Giardini, A. and Melton, C.,1983. A scientific explanation for the origin and location of petroleum accumulations. J. Petroleum Geology, 6, 2,117——138.
[4] Gold, T. and Sotor, S.,1980. The deep——earth——gas hypothesis. Sci.:lnumiucur, 2.12, 151——161.
[5] Kita, L,Matsuo, S. and Wakita, H.,1982.Hydrogen generation by reaction between wrater and crushed rock: an experimental study on hydrogen degassing from the active fault zone. J. Geophys. Res., 87,B13,1078910795.
[6] Morency, M.,Zeller, E. and Dreschhoff, G., 1982. Are all fossil fuelt realy fossils. of & Gas kurrnal,Junc2. 92——95.
[7] Satakc, H., Ohashi, M. and Hayashi, Y..1985. Discharge of H2 from the Atotsugawa and Ushikubi faults, Japan. and its realtion to carthquakes,Pure Appl. Geophys., 122,376——391.
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[9] Sato, M..Sutton, A. J.,Megec, K. and Russell——Robinson, S.,1986. Monitoring ufhydrogm along the San Andrcas and Calaveras faults in central Calilornia in 1980——1984. J. Geophys. Res..91,B12,12315——12326.
[10] Schrader, R.,Wissing, R. and Kubsch, H.,1969a.Zur,Oberflahenchemic von mechanisch aktiviertem Quartz, Z.
[11] Anorg.Allg.Chem., 365,191——198.
[12] Shcherbakov, A. and Kozlqva, N.,1986. Occurrence of hydrogen m subsurlace fluids and the relationship of anoma——lour concentrations to deep faults in the U. S. S. R. Geotectonies,20,2.120——128.
[13] Sugisaki, R.,Ido, M.,Takeda, H.,Isobe, Y.,Hayashi. Y.,Nakamura,N..Satakc.H.and Mizutani,Y.,1983. Origin of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in fault gases and its relation to fault gases and its relation to fault activity. J. Geol., 91,239——258.
[14] Sugisaki,R.,1982. Simplified gas chromatographic analysis of H,He,Ne.Ar,N.and CH4, in subsurface gases forseis
[15] mogeochen nical studies.Chem. Geol., 36, 217——226.
[16] Sugisaki, R, and Sugiura, T.,1985. Geochemical indicator of tectonic stress resulting m an earthquake in central Japan, 1984. Science, 229,1261——1262.
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