全球地震活动性的定量研究(三)--全球地震带的划分和Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ带的地震活动
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF GLOBAL SEISMICITY (3) --REDIVISION OF GLOBAL SEISMIC BELTS AND SEISMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE BELTS I, II, III
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摘要: 本文根据板块相互作用的原理,对全球地震带作了新的具体的划分:Ⅰ带为美洲西海岸地震带;Ⅱ带为太平洋西北边缘地震带;Ⅲ带为大洋岛弧地震带;Ⅳ带为亚欧地震带;Ⅴ带为全球海岭地震带。各带地震活动水平从强到弱的顺序是Ⅲ,Ⅱ,Ⅰ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ。求出本世纪各年Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ三带的地震活动性指数A(b),并对A(b)指数随时间的变化作了最大熵谱分析和周期图分析。结果显示Ⅱ,Ⅲ两带的周期成分与Ⅰ带有明显不同。Ⅰ带的变化较平稳,富于短周期成分,在1942年和1960年有两个峰期;Ⅱ带从1964年以来处于长趋势下降阶段,至八十年代已降至极小;Ⅲ带的五十年代事件效应显著,其变化趋势能较好地代表全球地震活动的变化总趋势。Ⅱ,Ⅲ两带有较强的长周期变化成分,可能与太平洋板块的面积较大有关。Abstract: In this paper, the global seismic belts are redivided into five divisions based on the principle of plate interactions. The first belt (1) is the west coastal range of the Americas; the second belt (II) is the northwestern margin of the Pacific ocean; the third belt (III) is the oceanic island arcs between the Indian and Pacific oceans; the fourth belt (IV) is the Eurasia; the fifth belt (V) is the global oceanic ridges. The order of the seismicity level of each belt from high to low is III, II, I, IV, V. The seismicity indexes of the belts I, II, III, for each year of the present century are calculated. The maximum entropy analysis and the periodogram analysis are made for the temporal variations of the A(b) indexes. It is shown that the periodic composition of the variations for the belts II and III is quite different from that for the belt I. The variation of the belt 1 is comparatively smooth and abundant of short-period components with two peaks in 1942 and 1960 respectively. The variation of the belt II had been in a phase of long-term decrease since 1964 and reached the lowest point in 1984. The effect of the 1950s event in the belt III whs prominent. The variation of the belt III can be a good representative of the general trend of the variation of the glowal seismic activity. The variations of the belts II and III have stronger long-jeriod components which may be attributed to the vast area of the Pacific Plate.
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[5] Bath, M., Introduction to Seismology, 160, 1979, BirkhSuser.
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[11] Morgan, W. J., Convection plumes in the lower mantle, Nature, 1971, 230, 42——43.
[12] Isacks, R. and P. Molnar, Distribution of stresses in the descending lithosphere from a global survey of focal——mechanism solutions of mantle earthquakes, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys , I971, 9, 103——174.
[13] Fitch, T, J., Earthquake mechanisms and island arc tectonics in the Indonesian——Philippine region, Bull.Scirm. Sac. Amen, 1970, 60, 565——591.
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[15] Abe, K. and Sh, Noguchi, Determination of magnitudes for large shallow earthquakes 1898——1917, Phys Earth Plam,t. Int., 1983, 32, 45——59
[16] Ahe, K. and Sh Noguchi, Revision of magnitudes of large shallow earthquakes, 1897——1912 Phys. Earth Planet. /ret., 1983 33, 1——11.
[17] Rothe, J, P., The seismicity of the earth 1953——1955, Unewo, 1969
[18] 吴佳翼、曹学锋,全球地震活动性的定量研究(一):全球浅震和深源地震活动性随时间的变化,地震学报,1987,9,1——14.[1] Gutenberg, B. and C. F. Richter, Seismicity of the Earth and Associated Phenomena, 1954, Princeton Univ.Press.
[2] Richter, C. F., Elementary Seismology, 1958, Freeman,
[3] Bullen, K. E., An Introduction to the Theory of Scrsmology 24?, 1953, Cambridge Univ. Press,
[4] Hodgson, J. H,Earthquakes and Earth Structure, 109, 1964, Prentice——Hall.
[5] Bath, M., Introduction to Seismology, 160, 1979, BirkhSuser.
[6] 李善邦,中国地震,163——165, 1981地震出版社.
[7] 吴佳翼、郁曙君、何淑韵,华北地震同日本地震的相关性,地球物理学报,1979, 22, 415——438.
[8] 刘正荣、孔昭麟,珠峰以东的地震活动性,地震研究,1983, 6, 569——576,
[9] Davison, C., The Founders of Seismology, 199, 1927, Cambridge, Univ. Press
[10] Flinn, E. A. and others, Seismic and geographical regionalization, Bull, Seirnr. Sac. Anner., 1974, 64, 771——993.
[11] Morgan, W. J., Convection plumes in the lower mantle, Nature, 1971, 230, 42——43.
[12] Isacks, R. and P. Molnar, Distribution of stresses in the descending lithosphere from a global survey of focal——mechanism solutions of mantle earthquakes, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys , I971, 9, 103——174.
[13] Fitch, T, J., Earthquake mechanisms and island arc tectonics in the Indonesian——Philippine region, Bull.Scirm. Sac. Amen, 1970, 60, 565——591.
[14] Ahe, K., Magnitudes of large shallow earthquakes from 1904 to 198(, Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 1981, 27,72——92.
[15] Abe, K. and Sh, Noguchi, Determination of magnitudes for large shallow earthquakes 1898——1917, Phys Earth Plam,t. Int., 1983, 32, 45——59
[16] Ahe, K. and Sh Noguchi, Revision of magnitudes of large shallow earthquakes, 1897——1912 Phys. Earth Planet. /ret., 1983 33, 1——11.
[17] Rothe, J, P., The seismicity of the earth 1953——1955, Unewo, 1969
[18] 吴佳翼、曹学锋,全球地震活动性的定量研究(一):全球浅震和深源地震活动性随时间的变化,地震学报,1987,9,1——14.
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