烟囱水平地震力的简化计算法

钱培风

摘要: 对于烟囱这种高柔结构,按反应谱理论计算水平地震力,一般需要考虑三个振型,相当麻烦.我国的抗震规范除了规定振型分解法为一般计算法外,为了节约工程师的时间,还提出简化计算法.本文内容将包括下列两个方面.1.以振型分解法为准,本文首先论述美国加州1952年侧力规范最初提出、后来为很多国家规范采用的先计算基底剪力再分配于各高程处的办法以及略加修改订入我国1974年规范的计算法都将产生巨大的误差.2.提出两个误差远比上述二法为小、计算又非常方便的简化计算法,以供讨论.

Abstract: For some flexible, slender structures such as chimneys, generally three modes are needed in calculating the horizontal components of earthquake force based on the theory of response spectrum, a process more or less tedious. Consequently, some simplified calculation methods are suggested in our design code of earthquake-resistant structures in order to save engineers'time of design, although it is claimed that mode shape analysis should be followed as a general method in calculating earthquake force. This paper contains two aspects in this regard and as follows:(1) Using mode shape analysis method as a guide, this paper criticizes at first the remarkable error introduced by the calculation method originally recommended by the California lateral force calculation code of 1952 and followed later by many countries in their corresponding codes including that adopted by our country in 1974 with some modifications saying that the base shear should be calculated in the first step and then distributed it along the height of the structure.(2) Two simplified calculation methods are recommended here which are very easy to be handled and give errors much less than the two methods mentioned above.

[1] 工业与民用建筑抗震设计规范,中国建筑工业出版社,1974

[2] 刘恢先,工业与民用建筑地震荷载的计算,建筑学报,8, 1961

[3] 钱培风,结构动力学,中国工业出版社,1966

[4] 铃培风,烟囱动为性能的统计分析.津筑学报。5,1962

[5] 钱培风、苏之藻、张悉德、杨亚弟,烟囱在地震作用下的纵波应力,力学学报,1978

[6] 钱培风,烟囱在地震作用下的振型组合系数,土木工程学报,9,3,1963

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