1933年叠溪地震的发震位置、震源机制与区域构造

王 康 沈正康

王 康 沈正康. 2011: 1933年叠溪地震的发震位置、震源机制与区域构造. 地震学报, 33(5): 557-567.
引用本文: 王 康 沈正康. 2011: 1933年叠溪地震的发震位置、震源机制与区域构造. 地震学报, 33(5): 557-567.
Wang Kang Shen Zhengkang. 2011: Location and focal mechanism of the 1933 Diexi earthquake and its associated regional tectonics. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 33(5): 557-567.
Citation: Wang Kang Shen Zhengkang. 2011: Location and focal mechanism of the 1933 Diexi earthquake and its associated regional tectonics. Acta Seismologica Sinica, 33(5): 557-567.

1933年叠溪地震的发震位置、震源机制与区域构造

详细信息
  • 中图分类号: P315.3+3

Location and focal mechanism of the 1933 Diexi earthquake and its associated regional tectonics

  • 摘要: 1933年发生于中国四川省境内的叠溪M7.5大地震造成了人民生命财产的重大损失.然而限于资料匮乏,人们对此次地震的发震构造和震源机制解的认识尚不统一.本文收集整理了当时全球各地震台站对此次大地震的记录,对叠溪地震进行了重新定位,确定的震中位置为31.9deg;N, 103.6deg;E.挑选具有P波初动符号的台站记录,利用格点尝试法得到了叠溪地震震源机制解的节面之一呈北北西走向,范围为N5deg;——30deg;W.结合该区域地质资料给出的岷江断裂南段为近南北向的事实,以此节面为叠溪地震的断层面,我们认为叠溪地震的发震构造系以左旋走滑为主兼具逆冲分量的岷江断裂南段.跨岷山地块10年尺度的GPS观测结果显示,虎牙断裂具有2 mm/a的地壳缩短率,对应于岷山第四纪以来的强烈隆升.1933年叠溪地震表现出的岷江断裂的左旋特性与现今GPS测量结果的不一致,可能反映了龙门山与岷江两大断裂系蕴震过程中地壳形变场的相互作用, 特别是龙门山断裂带在2008年汶川大地震孕震过程晚期对区域地壳形变场的调整.
    Abstract: The 1933 M7.5 Diexi, Sichuan, earthquake in western China caused tremendous loss of human lives and property damage. Because of data shortage,the seismogenic structure and focal mechanism of this earthquake are still not well constrained. Having collected worldwide seismic records of this earthquake, among which some polarities of the first arrival phases were picked, we relocated this earthquake and obtained the fault plane solution through grid search. The relocated epicenter of this earthquake is at (31.9deg;N, 103.6deg;E) and one of the nodal planes trends NNW, with the azimuth ranging N5deg;mdash;30deg;W. Taking this as the rupture plane of the Diexi earthquake, we conclude that the seismogenic structure is the southern segment of the Minjiang fault, which was dominated mainly by sinistral slip with a minor thrust component. GPS velocity profile across the Minshan mountains indicates that the Huya fault absorbs about 2 mm/a crustal shortening, which is associated with the rapid uplift process of the Minshan mountains since Quaternary. A discrepancy between the focal mechanism of the 1933 Diexi earthquake and the GPS determined present sense of motion across the Minjiang fault may be attributed to the interaction of crustal deformation processes of the Longmenshan and Minjiang fault systems and their earthquake cycles, particularly the role of Longmenshan fault system in modifying the regional deformation field at the late stage of preparing the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake.
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  • 发布日期:  2011-09-19

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