粘滑位移的直接测量和剪切破裂能的修正

DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF DISPLACEMENT AND ESTIMATE OF SHEAR FRACTURE ENERGY

  • 摘要: 从滑动弱化模型剪切破裂能G的计算公式出发,对三轴实验中常用位移测量方法作简要分析,认为改用弹簧应变片式位移计直接测量断层位移比用位移传感器在容器外部测量更能真实地反映粘滑的动态过程.作如此技术上的改进以后,当频率响应和采样速率比粘滑动态过程高得多时,就能直接得到(u)积分曲线而无需进行弹性修正.对同一粘滑事件,分别用弹簧应变片式位移计和位移传感器在高压容器的内外同时进行位移测量,在各种条件下,前者得出的G值总比后者高得多,约为3——10倍.初步的分析表明,后者偏低的主要原因在于容器外的位移计不能及时地反映粘滑时的位移变化,而新的方法在一定程度上克服了这一缺点,因而更接近于用地震学方法所得到的G值.

     

    Abstract: Based on the equation used to estimate the shear fracture energy in slipweakening model, the method of displacement measurement in triaxial test is analysed. Displacement measured across the rock fracture by using a transducer mounted directly on the rock specimen is compared with piston displacement measured outside the pressurized vessel. We show that the former method is more precise and reliable than the latter. As the sampling rate is much faster compared with the stick slip process, the relation between stress and displacement can be obtained directly. Both internal and external transducers are used at same time to measure the same stick slip event. There are important differences between the results from these two types of tranc-ducers. The shear fracture energy (G) estimated by the former is much higher, from three to ten times, than the latter, and therefore is much closer to the seismologically inferred values. The reason of the lower value obtained by the external fransducer is also briefly discussed.

     

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