大震前后地震活动的时空分维特征
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FRACTAL DIMENSION IN THE TEMPORAL-SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF EARTHQUAKES BEFORE AND AFTER THE OCCURRENCE OF A LARGE EARTHQUAKE
-
摘要: 本文根据Mandelbrot提出的分形几何学观点,对海城、唐山和松潘三个大地震前后地震(ML3.0)序列,根据其时空分布的总体特征,分析了它们在时间和空间分布上的自相似结构,计算了各自的分维。结果表明:时空分布特征分别类似于一维Cantor集合或一维连续统(这里有图片19890303-251-1.jif)Cantor集合。并以大震发生为对称点,得到大震前后的分维明显不同。一般大震前,其时空分布具有较低的分维,震后偏高。本文认为,用分维定量描述地震时空分布的复杂性是一个较好的物理量,也许它对未来大震发生的时空预报将起重要作用。Abstract: Based on the fractal viewpoint suggested by Mandelbrot,seismic activities (ML3.0) are studied for the Haicheng,Tangshan and Songpan earthquakes respectively before and after the occurrence of the large earthquake. The results show that a property of temporal-spatial distribution of seismic activities in a one or two-dimension space has the quality of statistical self-similarity at different length scales. Especially,it has a noninteger fractal dimension less than one or two. And this property is similar to that of one-dimension Cantor set or one-dimes ion continuum Cantor set. In particular,it is found that the fractal dimension is obviously different before and after the occurrence of the large earthquake. In general,that fractal dimension is lower before the quake than after.In this paper,the fractal dimension is considered to be a good physical quantity for describing the complexity in temporal-spatial distribution of seismic activities. Perhaps,it will be of important help in the prediction of large earthquakes.
-
-
[1] Sander, L. M., 1986. Fractal growth proceses, Nature, 322, 789——793.
[2] Mandelbrot, B. B., 1977. Fractals, Form, Chance and Dimension, W, H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA.
[3] Ito, K., 1980. Periodicity and Chaos in great earthquake occurrence. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 1399——1408.
[4] Ito, K., Oono, Y. Yamazaki, H., Hirakama, K., 1980. Chaos behavior in great earthquakes——Coupled re——laxation oscillator model, billiard model and electronic cirucit model. Journal of the Physical Society ofJapan, 49, 43——52.
[5] Aviles, C. A., and Scholz, C. H., 1987. Fractal analysis applied to characteristic segments of the San And——teas fault. J. Geophys, Res., 92, 331——344.
[6] Okubo, P. G. and Aki, K., 1987. Fractal geometry in the San Andreas fault system. J. Geophys. Rer, 92,345——355.
[7] Lovejoy, S,Schertzer, D.&Ladoy, P., 1986. Fractal characterization of inhomogeneous geophysical measur——ing networks. Nature, 319, 43——44.
[8] 洪时中、洪时明,1987.分数维及其在地震科学中的应用前景.四川地震,1:39——46,
[9] 李海华,1985.南北地震带北段强震活动的有序性和层次性.四川地震,2: 1——9,
[10] Batty, M., 1985. Fractals——geometry between d}rnensions, New Scientist, 105, 32——36.
[11] 郝柏林,1986.分形和分维,科学杂志,38: 9——17.
[12] 于渌、郝柏林,1980.相变和临界现象(III).物理,9,545——549.[1] Sander, L. M., 1986. Fractal growth proceses, Nature, 322, 789——793.
[2] Mandelbrot, B. B., 1977. Fractals, Form, Chance and Dimension, W, H. Freeman, San Francisco, CA.
[3] Ito, K., 1980. Periodicity and Chaos in great earthquake occurrence. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 1399——1408.
[4] Ito, K., Oono, Y. Yamazaki, H., Hirakama, K., 1980. Chaos behavior in great earthquakes——Coupled re——laxation oscillator model, billiard model and electronic cirucit model. Journal of the Physical Society ofJapan, 49, 43——52.
[5] Aviles, C. A., and Scholz, C. H., 1987. Fractal analysis applied to characteristic segments of the San And——teas fault. J. Geophys, Res., 92, 331——344.
[6] Okubo, P. G. and Aki, K., 1987. Fractal geometry in the San Andreas fault system. J. Geophys. Rer, 92,345——355.
[7] Lovejoy, S,Schertzer, D.&Ladoy, P., 1986. Fractal characterization of inhomogeneous geophysical measur——ing networks. Nature, 319, 43——44.
[8] 洪时中、洪时明,1987.分数维及其在地震科学中的应用前景.四川地震,1:39——46,
[9] 李海华,1985.南北地震带北段强震活动的有序性和层次性.四川地震,2: 1——9,
[10] Batty, M., 1985. Fractals——geometry between d}rnensions, New Scientist, 105, 32——36.
[11] 郝柏林,1986.分形和分维,科学杂志,38: 9——17.
[12] 于渌、郝柏林,1980.相变和临界现象(III).物理,9,545——549.
计量
- 文章访问数: 921
- HTML全文浏览量: 19
- PDF下载量: 67
下载:
