Development and experiments of the gravity vertical gradient measuring system based on the laser interferometry
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摘要: 基于激光干涉法对新型地表重力垂直梯度测量系统进行了研究并初步构建了原理样机． 该测量系统利用双光路干涉测量法， 获取垂直向间距为50 cm且同步自由下落的两个落体相对于参考点的时间和位移信息， 并通过差分运算得到该测点的重力垂直梯度值． 在系统设计过程中, 主要解决了双落体自由下落的同步自动控制和双干涉测量光路的垂直性调节问题． 试验结果表明， 本套测量系统可以获取双落体同步自由下落运动时的干涉条纹信号， 并完成重力垂直梯度测量， 且梯度测量精度优于100 E．Abstract: This paper develops a new apparatus for measuring the vertical gravity gradient based on the laser interferometry. The apparatus uses the method of dual optical interferometer to determine the time shifting coordinates of dual free-fall bodies spaced 50 cm vertically， and then calculates the gravity gradient by using differential algorithm. In design and development of this instrument， particular attention is paid to those aspects which would affect synchronistically automatic control of the free-fall bodies and vertical adjustment of the dual measuring beams. The results of the experiments show that the apparatus can obtain the interference signals of these two free-fall bodies during the freely falling and complete the measurement of the gravity gradient with accuracy better than 100 E.
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Keywords:
- gravity gradient /
- laser interferometry /
- falling-body controlling
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图 1 重力梯度测量算法原理
Figure 1. Principle for the algorithm of the gravity vertical gradient measurement
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图 2 干涉法重力梯度测量原理
Figure 2. Measuring principle of the gravity vertical gradient based on interferometry
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图 4 落体伺服控制系统设计
(a)安装在真空舱内的落体伺服控制系统设计；(b)上、 下落体间刚性连接机构设计
Figure 4. Design of the free-fall body servo control mechanism
(a)Design of the free-fall body servo control mechanism in vacuum chamber;(b)Design of the rigid linkage between the up and down free-fall bodies
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图 5 双光路激光干涉测量系统机构设计
Figure 5. Design of the measuring structure of dual optical path measuring system based on laser interferometry
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图 6 激光干涉法地表重力垂直梯度测量系统(a)及其初步试验数据(b)
Figure 6. The apparatus of the gravity vertical gradient measurement based on laser interferometry(a) and its preliminary test data(35 groups and 16 measurements per group)(b)
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