Comparative analyses of records by seismic intensity instrument with strong ground motion records and seismograph stations records: Taking the ML4.5 Changli earthquake of Hebei Province for an example
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摘要: 以2015年河北昌黎ML4.5地震中测震、强震及烈度仪台站记录到的事件波形为研究对象，通过对比分析挑选的两组观测台站的记录波形以及不同台站的噪声记录特征，获得了烈度仪台站观测记录能力及特点的认识.结果表明：烈度仪台站产出的记录在部分频段 (1—10 Hz) 与传统强震台站、测震台站均有较好的一致性，但在中长周期部分存在较大差异；在相同观测频带 (0.1—10 Hz) 下，由烈度仪台站记录积分得到的速度时程、位移时程也与强震台站、测震台站的观测结果具有良好的相关性，说明烈度仪台站产出的加速度记录具有一定的可积分性；烈度仪台站记录的噪声水平远超出强震台站和测震台站，基本为仪器自噪声，不包含天然地脉动成分.此外，由于本研究所用的烈度仪采用了16位的A/D转换器，对震相到时的精确拾取产生了不利影响.综上，本文认为烈度仪台站较适用于中强地震的近场观测.Abstract: Based on seismic records of Changli ML4.5 earthquake in Hebei Province, by analyzing two groups of waveforms and comparing seismic noise characteristics of seismograph station, strong ground motion station and seismic intensity instrument (SII) station, this paper acquires basic understanding of each kind of these stations, especially the SII station, such as the ability to record micro-earthquakes. The results show that, in certain frequency band (1--10 Hz), seismic waveforms are quite similar for both the SII station and the strong ground motion station or the seismograph station, but large differences appear in mid-long period part. For the same frequency band (0.1--10 Hz band-pass filtered), velocity history and displacement history that are integrated by the SII station data have good correlations and coherences with those from seismograph stations and strong ground motion stations, suggesting that the SII records have certain integrability to some extent. The noise levels of SII stations are far beyond seismograph stations and strong ground motion stations, normally are instrument noise without micro-tremor at all. As a result of only a 16 bit A/D convertor applied, the precision of sampled data is limited and then the accuracy of seismic phase picking will be adversely affected. In conclusion, we think that SII stations are more suitable for moderate to large near-field earthquakes monitoring.
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Keywords:
- seismic intensity instrument /
- high frequency /
- seismic noise /
- A/D convertor
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中国地震局工程力学研究所国家强震动台网中心提供强震数据支持，河北省地震局提供测震、烈度仪台网数据，两位审稿专家为完善本文提出了重要的修改建议，作者在此一并表示感谢.
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图 1 昌黎ML4.5地震震中附近的地震观测台站分布
Figure 1. Distribution of seismic observation stations near the epicenter of the Changli ML4.5 earthquake Squares represent seismograph stations, tringles represent strong ground motion stations, and inversed triangles represent seismic intensity instrument stations
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图 2 强震台站13SZH (a) 与烈度仪台站FRSZH (b) 原始记录波形对比
Figure 2. Comparison of original records of the strong ground motion station 13SZH (a) with those of the seismic intensity instrument (SII) station FRSZH (b)
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图 3 强震台站13SZH与烈度仪台站FRSZH原始记录幅值平方相干性分析结果
Figure 3. Magnitude squared coherence indices between the strong ground motion station 13SZH and the SII station FRSZH
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图 4 强震台站13SZH (a) 与烈度仪台站FRSZH (b) 原始记录信噪比分析结果
Figure 4. SNR analysis results of the strong ground motion station 13SZH (a) and the SII station FRSZH (b)
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图 5 0.1—10 Hz巴特沃斯带通滤波后强震台站13SZH (a) 与烈度仪台站FRSZH (b) 的波形对比
Figure 5. Comparison of seismic waveforms of the strong ground motion station 13SZH (a) with those of the SII station FRSZH (b) after 0.1--10 Hz band-pass filter
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图 6 0.1—10 Hz带通滤波后强震台站13SZH与烈度仪台站FRSZH幅值平方相干性分析结果
Figure 6. Magnitude squared coherence indices between the strong ground motion station 13SZH and the SII station FRSZH after 0.1--10 Hz band-pass filter
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图 7 强震台站13SZH (a) 与烈度仪台站FRSZH (b) EW通道积分速度 (上) 和位移 (下) 时程的对比
Figure 7. Time history comparisons of velocity (upper panels) and displacement (lower panels) between the strong ground motion station 13SZH (a) and the SII station FRSZH (b) after integration for EW channel
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图 8 强震台站13SZH与烈度仪台站FRSZ EW通道积分速度 (a) 和位移 (b) 时程的幅值平方相干性分析结果
Figure 8. Magnitude squared coherence indices of velocity time histories (a) and displacement time histories (b) between the strong ground motion station 13SZH and the SII station FRSZH after integration for EW channel
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图 9 0.1—10 Hz带通滤波后烈度仪台站KPDOH (a) 与测震台站DOH (b) 记录波形对比
Figure 9. Waveform comparison of the SII station KPDOH (a) and the seismograph station DOH (b) after 0.1--10 Hz band-pass filter
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图 10 0.1—10 Hz带通滤波后烈度仪台站KPDOH记录与测震台站DOH记录幅值平方相干性分析结果
Figure 10. Magnitude squared coherence indices between the SII station KPDOH and the seismograph station DOH after 0.1--10 Hz band-pass filter
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图 11 0.1—10 Hz带通滤波后测震台站DOH (a) 与烈度仪台站KPDOH (b) 记录信噪比分析结果
Figure 11. SNR analysis results of the seismograph station DOH (a) and the SII station KPDOH (b) after 0.1--10 Hz band-pass filter
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图 12 烈度仪台站 (LNMCH，LNRGZ) 和强震台站 (13SZH) 及测震台站 (CLI) UD通道噪声记录对比
Figure 12. Comparison of seismic noise records among the SII station LNMCH and LNRGZ, strong ground motion station 13SZH and the seismograph station CLI in UD channel
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图 13 4个台站UD通道噪声记录的傅里叶谱对比
Figure 13. Comparison of Fourier spectra of seismic noise for four stations in UD channel
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