Moho depth and Poisson’s ratio distribution in the western edge of Ordos block
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摘要: 收集了鄂尔多斯地块西缘的21个宁夏区域地震台网台站和183个中国地震科学探测台阵台站记录到的2015年1月至2016年1月期间的远震P波资料，通过对其进行反褶积提取接收函数，并利用H-Kappa叠加方法计算了研究区内的莫霍面深度和泊松比。结果表明：研究区的莫霍面深度在36—58 km范围内变化，大体呈南厚北薄、西厚东薄的特点，且具有明显的分区特征，即以香山—天景山断裂为界，莫霍面在南北向呈现明显的起伏变化，该断裂以南的地壳增厚方式可能与青藏高原的水平挤压力所导致的上地壳重叠有关；贺兰山东麓断裂两侧的莫霍面深度落差明显，这可能是由于青藏高原东北缘NE向的挤压力以及阿拉善地块与鄂尔多斯地块之间NW−SE向的拉张力共同作用所致。研究区的泊松比整体较高，其中鄂尔多斯地块的平均泊松比要高于青藏高原东北缘的平均泊松比，银川地堑内的高泊松比现象可能与黄河—灵武断裂为超壳断裂有关；研究区内的莫霍面深度与地表高程具有较好的正相关性，说明其地壳均衡效应较好，而整个研究区内泊松比与莫霍面深度的线性关系并不明显。此外，本研究还进一步揭示了研究区内莫霍面深度与泊松比反相关最明显的两个区域，这种明显的反相关关系也表明，构造上的挤压力或拉张力更容易集中在长英质的弱岩层而使地壳增厚或减薄。综上进一步认为，从海原断裂至香山—天景山断裂这一区域及贺兰山东麓断裂两侧区域下方的地壳成分以长英质岩石为主。Abstract: This paper collects P-waveforms of teleseismic events occurred from January 2015 to January 2016 recorded by 21 Ningxia regional seismic network stations and 183 China-Array seismic stations deployed in western edge of Ordos block, and extracts receiver functions by deconvolution, and then calculates the Moho depth and Poisson’s ratio in the studied area by using H-Kappa stacking method. The results show that the Moho depth ranges 36−58 km, which is presented as thick in the south and west and thin in the north and the east, exhibiting obvious subarea characteristics. Bounded by the Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault, the Moho depth has a distinct change in the north-south direction, and to the south of the fault the crust-thicken way is probably related to upper crust overlap due to the horizontal extrusion from Tibetan Plateau. On the both sides of Helanshan eastern piedmont fault, the Moho depth varies largely, which may be caused by the joint impact from the extrusion in NE direction from northeastern Tibetan Plateau and the tension in NW-SE direction between Alxa block and Ordos block. In the studied area, the Poisson’s ratios are relatively high in general, and the average of the Poisson’s ratio of Ordos block is higher than that in northeastern Tibetan Plateau. On the other hand, high Poisson’s ratio in Yinchuan graben is possibly related to Huanghe-Lingwu fault as an ultracrustal one. The Moho depth is positively correlated to the surface elevation, suggesting that the crust is in the better state of isostasy, but there is no obvious linear correlation between Poisson’s ratio and Moho depth in the whole studied area. However, further study finds that there are two distinct areas, in which Poisson’s ratio is inversely correlated with the Moho depth, illustrating that the tectonic extrusion or tension is easier to concentrate on the felsic incompetent beds, which leads to the crust thickening or thinning. Consequently, from the inverse relationship between the Poisson’s ratio and Moho depth, it is believed that the crustal composition consists chiefly of felsic rocks beneath the zone from Haiyuan fault to Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault and on the both sides of Helanshan eastern piedmont fault.
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Keywords:
- western edge of Ordos block /
- receiver function /
- H-Kappa stacking /
- Moho depth /
- Poisson’s ratio /
- tectonic stress
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图 1 研究区地质构造及公元876年—2017年MS≥5.0地震分布
F1：桌子山断裂；F2：正谊关断裂；F3：贺兰山东麓断裂；F4：黄河—灵武断裂；F5：牛首山断裂；F6：香山—天景山断裂；F7：海原断裂；F8：云雾山断裂；F9：六盘山断裂，下同
Figure 1. The geological structure and distribution of MS≥5.0 earthquakes from AD 876 to 2017 in the studied area
F1：Zhuozishan fault；F2：Zhengyiguan fault；F3：Helanshan eastern piedmont fault；F4：Huanghe-Lingwu fault；F5：Niushoushan fault；F6：Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault；F7：Haiyuan fault；F8：Yunwushan fault；F9：Liupanshan fault，the same below
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图 2 本文所使用台站（a）和远震事件（b）分布
三角形代表科学台阵，方块代表宁夏区域地震台网；实心三角形和方块代表有H-Kappa结果的台站，而空心三角形和方框代表无H-Kappa结果的台站。将有H-Kappa结果的台站按纬度从高到低进行编号，其对应台站的代码详见表1
Figure 2. The distribution of stations （a） and tele-seismic epicenters （b） used in this study
The triangles represent the China Array，the squares represent Ningxia regional seismic network，the black triangles and squares all indicate the stations with results by H-Kappa stacking method，and the white triangles and squares all indicate the stations without such results. The stations with H-Kappa results are numbered in consecutive order from high latitude to low，and the corresponding station original codes are listed in Table 1
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图 3 中国科学台阵（a）和宁夏区域地震台网（b）台站的接收函数及其H-Kappa结果
竖黑线为最优莫霍面深度和波速比所对应的Ps波，PpPs波及PpSs+PsPs波的震相到时
Figure 3. Receiver functions of the two stations from China Array （a） and Ningxia regional seismic network （b） and their H-Kappa results for example
The vertical black lines are the arrival times of Ps，PpPs and PpSs+PsPs phases corresponding to the optimum Moho depth and velocity ratio
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图 4 研究区内的莫霍面深度H （a）与泊松比σ （b）分布
Figure 4. Distribution of Moho depthH （a） and Poisson’s ratio σ （b） in the studied area
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图 5 莫霍面深度与地表高程、泊松比的关系（黑色直线为线性回归线）
（a） 整个研究区；（b） 海原断裂与香山—天景山断裂之间区域；（c） 贺兰山东麓断裂两侧区域
Figure 5. The relationship between Moho depth and surface elevation or Poisson’s ratio （Black line represents the linear regression line）
（a） The whole studied area；（b） The area between Haiyuan fault and Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault；（c） Both sides of the Helanshan eastern piedmont fault
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图 6 莫霍面深度与泊松比反相关明显的两个区域
Figure 6. The two distinct regions of inverse relationship between Moho depth and Poisson’s ratio
表 1 鄂尔多斯地块西缘各台站下方的地壳结构参数
Table 1 The parameters of crustal structure beneath stations in the western edge of Ordos block
编号 台名 H/km κ σ N 编号 台名 H/km κ σ N 1 15590 46.2±1.5 1.75±0.03 0.26 64 47 LWU 49.7±1.3 1.69±0.03 0.23 43 2 15592 41.1±1.3 1.70±0.02 0.24 29 48 15660 44.5±1.6 1.77±0.02 0.27 48 3 15593 47.6±1.3 1.76±0.03 0.26 70 49 15733 40.8±1.0 1.76±0.03 0.26 21 4 15594 50.8±1.7 1.70±0.03 0.24 55 50 64038 42.2±1.4 1.75±0.03 0.26 24 5 15702 42.0±1.6 1.82±0.03 0.28 39 51 15637 42.9±1.3 1.83±0.02 0.29 54 6 15602 44.7±2.1 1.81±0.04 0.28 70 52 15646 48.1±1.3 1.80±0.02 0.28 71 7 15603 51.2±0.9 1.66±0.02 0.22 55 53 15650 47.5±1.9 1.67±0.03 0.22 90 8 15595 47.3±1.5 1.83±0.04 0.29 15 54 64036 40.8±1.5 1.70±0.04 0.24 20 9 15596 49.6±1.7 1.86±0.03 0.30 38 55 15635 48.3±1.1 1.75±0.03 0.26 62 10 15607 46.8±1.3 1.75±0.03 0.26 78 56 15657 47.6±2.0 1.67±0.02 0.22 46 11 15706 43.4±1.3 1.75±0.02 0.26 50 57 64034 44.0±1.0 1.79±0.03 0.27 63 12 15608 46.6±1.9 1.72±0.02 0.24 75 58 YCI 41.0±1.3 1.75±0.02 0.26 41 13 15707 43.0±1.3 1.73±0.03 0.25 38 59 64043 43.6±1.9 1.73±0.02 0.25 28 14 WUH 40.9±1.3 1.78±0.02 0.27 29 60 15653 43.0±1.5 1.84±0.03 0.29 52 15 15614 49.8±1.7 1.77±0.03 0.27 53 61 SGS 49.7±1.9 1.70±0.02 0.24 65 16 15615 48.7±1.5 1.83±0.04 0.29 16 62 15643 44.4±1.3 1.83±0.02 0.29 27 17 15597 44.5±1.0 1.66±0.03 0.22 44 63 NSS 44.0±1.3 1.61±0.04 0.19 46 18 15711 44.1±1.4 1.73±0.04 0.25 43 64 15647 40.8±1.5 1.85±0.03 0.29 27 19 15628 44.6±1.3 1.92±0.02 0.31 34 65 64030 41.6±1.0 1.79±0.03 0.27 26 20 SZS 39.8±1.8 1.89±0.03 0.31 46 66 61078 39.9±2.2 1.75±0.02 0.26 21 21 15717 43.3±1.7 1.76±0.02 0.26 50 67 ZHW 49.0±1.9 1.69±0.03 0.23 39 22 15619 37.3±1.1 1.88±0.03 0.30 19 68 64035 42.7±1.5 1.89±0.04 0.31 23 23 64054 40.4±1.6 1.80±0.02 0.28 45 69 15641 39.8±1.3 2.00±0.03 0.33 53 24 15618 46.1±1.5 1.90±0.02 0.31 40 70 61074 39.9±1.5 1.83±0.03 0.29 20 25 15722 43.0±1.9 1.74±0.03 0.25 44 71 64027 41.1±2.3 1.85±0.04 0.29 24 26 64049 41.3±1.8 1.87±0.04 0.30 23 72 61073 41.2±0.9 1.80±0.03 0.28 43 27 TLE 37.5±1.5 1.85±0.03 0.29 49 73 TXN 39.5±1.2 1.98±0.03 0.33 49 28 15638 37.8±1.7 1.60±0.02 0.18 54 74 62421 43.6±1.3 1.81±0.03 0.28 35 29 64046 42.2±1.2 1.98±0.03 0.33 17 75 64024 55.6±2.0 1.84±0.03 0.29 21 30 15740 43.0±1.5 1.83±0.03 0.29 38 76 64041 38.9±1.7 1.89±0.03 0.31 50 31 15639 46.7±1.8 1.76±0.03 0.26 16 77 JTA 47.2±1.2 1.77±0.04 0.27 42 32 YCH 48.6±0.9 1.72±0.03 0.24 55 78 64023 42.2±1.5 1.79±0.03 0.27 33 33 15659 49.6±2.1 1.74±0.03 0.25 41 79 64022 50.4±1.7 1.66±0.03 0.22 23 34 15642 47.1±1.6 1.73±0.04 0.25 38 80 64019 56.8±1.3 1.71±0.02 0.24 25 35 15644 43.1±1.2 1.88±0.03 0.30 21 81 62417 52.5±1.9 1.76±0.04 0.26 18 36 15651 47.6±1.5 1.74±0.03 0.25 38 82 61066 43.7±1.3 1.76±0.03 0.26 21 37 64047 36.3±1.3 1.98±0.02 0.33 35 83 62415 51.1±1.3 1.75±0.04 0.26 54 38 15735 43.2±1.3 1.78±0.03 0.27 24 84 62416 48.2±1.1 1.99±0.03 0.33 30 39 15734 41.4±1.1 1.79±0.03 0.27 55 85 62411 43.5±1.7 1.82±0.03 0.28 22 40 64042 47.1±1.6 1.82±0.02 0.28 31 86 62406 52.9±1.5 1.97±0.03 0.33 46 41 15658 46.1±2.3 1.73±0.02 0.25 45 87 62407 53.7±2.0 1.71±0.02 0.24 21 42 15655 38.8±1.6 1.79±0.03 0.27 45 88 64017 46.8±1.5 1.90±0.02 0.31 34 43 15645 48.9±1.7 1.63±0.02 0.20 28 89 64016 50.5±1.7 1.68±0.04 0.23 38 44 15640 42.0±1.4 1.75±0.02 0.26 39 90 HYU 56.4±1.8 1.75±0.03 0.26 51 45 15649 46.0±1.8 1.81±0.03 0.28 18 91 62400 46.9±1.2 1.81±0.02 0.28 39 46 64039 45.3±1.2 1.75±0.02 0.26 19 92 62393 51.3±1.5 1.71±0.02 0.24 32 
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表 2 A和B两区域内的台站莫霍面深度和泊松比
Table 2 The Moho depth and Poisson’s ratios beneath stations in the regions A and B
台站
编号台站
代码A区域 台站
编号台站
代码B区域 H/km σ H/km σ 61 SGS 49.7 0.24 17 15597 44.5 0.22 62 15643 44.4 0.29 20 SZS 39.8 0.31 64 15647 40.8 0.29 23 64054 40.4 0.28 67 ZHW 49.0 0.23 24 15618 46.1 0.31 69 15641 39.8 0.33 26 64049 41.3 0.30 71 64027 41.1 0.29 27 TLE 37.5 0.29 74 62421 43.6 0.28 29 64046 42.2 0.33 76 64041 38.9 0.31 32 YCH 48.6 0.24 77 JTA 47.2 0.27 33 15659 49.6 0.25 78 64023 42.2 0.27 37 64047 36.3 0.33 81 62417 52.5 0.26 40 64042 47.1 0.28 83 62415 51.1 0.26 41 15658 46.1 0.25 84 62416 48.2 0.33 46 64039 45.3 0.26 87 62407 53.7 0.24 47 LWU 49.7 0.23 注：H为莫霍面深度，σ为泊松比。
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