The microseisms caused by Typhoon Hagupit and Typhoon Bavi
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摘要: 台风引起的海浪通常可加强地脉动能量，而地脉动的激发机制和噪声源位置存在一定争议。通过计算沿海和内陆的7个宽频带地震台站2020年7月1日—9月1日连续波形数据的功率谱密度并对连续波型数据进行极化分析，定量讨论台风期间不同频段的功率谱密度值变化，研究佘山台、大洋山台、横湖台、天平山台和秦皇山台的噪声源方向分布。结果表明：台风黑格比和巴威对于双频地脉动功率谱密度值加强明显，尤其对于长周期双频地脉动的加强作用更为显著；对于单频地脉动及≥20 s周期地脉动的影响则相对不显著；佘山台、大洋山台、秦皇山台、天平山台和横湖台记录的短周期双频地脉动可能是邻近海域不同噪声源起主导作用；长周期双频地脉动的噪声源方向一致性较好，指向南南西方向，可能受到南海海域或者更南边的源区的影响；而单频地脉动则主要受到海岸线上不同噪声源的影响。Abstract: Typhoon-induced waves can usually enhance the microseisms energy, the generation mechanism and source locations of microseisms are controversial. We calculated the power spectral density and polarization analysis of the continuous waveform data of seven wide-band seismic stations on the coast or inland from July 1 to September 1, 2020. The variation of power spectral density in different frequency bands during typhoons has been quantitatively discussed, and the distribution of noise sources at SSE, DYS, HUH, TPS and QHS seismic stations were studied. The results show that the power spectral density of double-frequency microseisms significantly increased by Typhoon Hagupit and Typhoon Bavi, especially the long period double-frequency microseisms. The single frequency and microseisms with period ≥20 s increased inconspicuously. The short period double-frequency microseisms recorded at SSE, DYS, HUH, TPS, and QHS seismic stations are affected by different sources in the adjacent sea area. The sources of the long period double-frequency microseisms are consistent, pointing to the south-south-west direction, which may be affected by the source area of the South China Sea or further south. The single frequency microseisms are affected by different noise sources along the coastline.
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Key words:
- typhoon /
- microseisms /
- ocean wave height /
- power spectral density /
- seismic noise source
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图 1 2020年7月—9月影响我国东南沿海的台风路径
Figure 1. Typhoon tracks affecting the southeastern coast of China from July to September in 2020
图 2 台风黑格比风速变化以及台风风眼与佘山台间的距离随时间的变化
Figure 2. Variation of wind speed of Typhoon Hagupit and distance variation from typhoon eye to SSE seismic station with time
图 3 台风黑格比（a）和台风巴威（b）期间各地震台站双频地脉动PSD值变化
Figure 3. Variation of double frequency microseisms PSD values of seismic stations during Typhoon Hagupit （a） and Typhoon Bavi （b）
图 4 台风巴威（a）和台风黑格比（b）期间地震台站周期≥10 s的PSD值变化
Figure 4. Variation of PSD values of seismic stations for periods ≥10 s during Typhoon Bavi （a） and Typhoon Hagupit （b）
图 5 台风黑格比期间各内陆台站（上）与沿海台站（下）50 s 以上周期PSD值变化差异
Figure 5. Variation difference of PSD values between inland (top) and coastal (bottom) seismic stations over 50 s period during Typhoon Hagupit
图 6 短周期双频地脉动（a）、长周期双频地脉动（b）和单频地脉动（c）极化方向概率分布图
（圆环内径到外径分别代表周期2—4 s （a）、4—10 s （b）和10—20 s （c）的极化结果）
Figure 6. Polarization direction probability distribution diagram of SPDF （a），LPDF （b） and SF （c）
（The inner to outer diameter of the ring represents the polarization results of the period 10—20 s （a）、4—10 s （b） and 10—20 s （c））
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