断层位错引起的应力场变动与地震危险性预测
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摘要: 断层运动引起的应力场影响相邻断层的稳定性, 研究断层相互作用与地震危险性预测有密切关系。按弹性位错理论计算半无限弹性介质中矩形断层错动产生的应力场, 结果表明, 在中国西南与华北地区, 多数后继大地震发生在剪应力Sxy增大和正应力Syy减小区。地震发生概率的增益与作用于断层上的应力增量呈函数关系, 剪应力增加和正应力减少可引起地震触发。定义地震触发活化系数At表示地震活动度变化, At值空间扫描有助于确定具体的危险地点。最后讨论了大范围相互作用问题。
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[13] Nagumo, S. and Hoshino, K, , 1967. Occurrence of micro——fracturing shocks during rock deformation with a special reference to activity of earthquake swarms. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., 45, 1295——1312.
[14] Rybicki, K., Kato, T. and Kasahara, K., 1985. Mechanical interaction between neighboring active faults——static and dynamic stress field induced by faulting. Bulletin of the Earthquakc Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 60, 1——21.
[15] Thatcher, W., 1982. Seismic triggering and earthquake prediction. Nature, 299, 12——13.
[16] Stein, R. S. and Lisowski, M., 1983. The 1979 Homestead Valley earthquake sequence, California: Control of aftershocks and postseismic deformation. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 6477——6490.[1] 陈运泰、林邦慧、林中洋、李志勇, 1975.根据地面形变的观测研究1966年邢台地震震源过程.地球物理学报, 18, 164——181.
[2] 韩渭宾、席敦礼, 1985.四川六级以上地震前地震活动条带的特征.地震学报, 7, 1——15.
[3] 黄福明、王延楹, 1980.倾斜断层错动产生的应力场.地震学报, 2, 1——20.
[4] 赵根模、刘喜兰, 1987.“诱发前震”的物理机制和前兆意义.中国地震, 3, 60——65.
[5] Aki, K., 1978. A probabilistic synthesis of precursory phenomena. Earthquake Prediction, 4, 566——573.
[6] Byerly, J., 1978. Friction of rocks. Pure Appl. Geophys., 116, 615——626.
[7] Chinnery. M. A., 1961. The deformation of the ground surface faults. Bull. Seism. Soc.Amen., 50, 355——372.
[8] Chinnery, M. A., 1963. The stress changes that accompany strike——slip faulting. Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., 53, 921——932.
[9] Chinnery, M. A., 1966a. Secondary faulting, I. Theoretical aspects. Can. J. Earth. Sci., 3, 163——174.
[10] Chinnery, M. A., 1966b. Secondary faulting, B. Geological aspects. Can. J. Earth. Sci., 3, 175——190.
[11] Keilis——Borok, Knopoff, L., Rotwan, I. and Allen, C., 1988. Intermediate term prediction of occurence times of strong earthquakes. Nature, 355, 690——694.
[12] Lay, T. and Kanamori, H., 1981. An asperity model of large earthquake sequences. Earthquake Prediction, an Internatumal Review, 579——592. AGU, Washington.
[13] Nagumo, S. and Hoshino, K, , 1967. Occurrence of micro——fracturing shocks during rock deformation with a special reference to activity of earthquake swarms. Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., 45, 1295——1312.
[14] Rybicki, K., Kato, T. and Kasahara, K., 1985. Mechanical interaction between neighboring active faults——static and dynamic stress field induced by faulting. Bulletin of the Earthquakc Research Institute, University of Tokyo, 60, 1——21.
[15] Thatcher, W., 1982. Seismic triggering and earthquake prediction. Nature, 299, 12——13.
[16] Stein, R. S. and Lisowski, M., 1983. The 1979 Homestead Valley earthquake sequence, California: Control of aftershocks and postseismic deformation. J. Geophys. Res., 88, 6477——6490. -
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