应力减小引起地震
EARTHQUAKES CAUSED BY STRESS DECREASING
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摘要: 最近完成的岩石力学实验表明,在三轴应力状态下最大主应力的增加、中等主应力的变化(增加或减小)和最小主应力的减小都能导致岩石的破坏。由此启示,地震的发生既可能由地壳中的最大主应力的增加引起,又可能由中等主应力或最小主应力的减小引起。讨论了地壳中可能引起应力减小的作用,并从地震活动的规律性探讨了应力减小引起地震的可能性。指出在地震研究的各个领域中,不仅应考虑应力增加和能量积累过程中发生的地震,还应考虑在应力减小和能量减小过程中引起的地震。Abstract: The experiments of rock mechanics completed recently show that,in the triaxial stress state,all the increasing of maximum principal stress,the changing (increasing or decreasing) of intermediate principal stress and the decreasing of minimum principal stress can lead rocks to failure. It is suggested that earthquakes can be caused not only by strengthening of maximum principal stress,but also by decreasing of intermediate principal stress or minimum principal stress in the earth's crust. The action which can cause stress decreasing in the earth's crust was discussed,and the possibility of earthquakes caused by stress decreasing was searched by investigation of seismic activity. It is pointed that in seismic studies not only the earthquakes caused by stress strenthening and energy increasing,but also the earthquakes caused by stress decreasing and energy decreasing must be considered.
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[9] 许绍燮、沈佩文,地震活动性图象,地震学报,4, 239——250, 1982,
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[11] 宇津德治北海道及tx ,C ,周i,.,地震活勤北海道大学地球物理学研究辍告,20, 51——75, 1968,
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[13] 韩渭宾、席敦礼,四川地区强晨前弱震空区的变化特征,地震学报,6, 8——20, 1984.
[14] 陆远忠、王炜、沈建文,地震空区与逼近地震,地震学报,5, 134——144, 1983,
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[16] Richter, C. E., Elementary Seismology, Z68 pp., W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1958.
[17] Mogi, K., Migration of seismic activity, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., 46, 53——74, 1968.
[18] William, Q., Limond. M. R., Possible earthquake migration along the Western European Plate bourdary, J. Geoph. Res., 86, B12, 11623——11629, 1981.
[19] 郭增建、秦保燕,地展迁移问题,国际地展动态,1983, 1: 7——10,[1] Reid, H. F., The elastic——rebound theory of earthquake, Univ. Calif. Publ., Bull. Dept. Geol., 6,413——444., 1911.
[2] 本多弘吉增盯地震波勤,230 pp.,岩波害店,1954,
[3] 耿乃光许东俊最小主应力减小引起的岩石破坏地球物理学报28, 191——197, 1985
[4] 许东俊耿乃光中等主应力变化引起的岩石破坏与地震,地震学报,6, 159——166, 1984,
[5] Geng, N. G., Yao, X. X, Chen, Y., and Xu, D.J,The study on stress path, Geophysical Research.(待发表).
[6] Kanamori, H., Quantification of earthdl:akes, Nuture, 271, 411——114, 1978.
[7] 宇佐美能夫,日本及朝鲜地震回数变化,地震予知, 12, 149——150, 1976
[8] 茂木清夫,东北地方地震活勤期,地震学会辞演予稿集,1976,1: 140,
[9] 许绍燮、沈佩文,地震活动性图象,地震学报,4, 239——250, 1982,
[10] Fedotov, S. A., Regularities of distribution of strong earthquakes in Kamchatka, the Kurile Islands and Northeastern. Japan, Akad. Nauk. SSSR. Inst. Fiziki. Zemli. Trudy, 36 (203), 66——93,1965.
[11] 宇津德治北海道及tx ,C ,周i,.,地震活勤北海道大学地球物理学研究辍告,20, 51——75, 1968,
[12] Mogi, K., Some features of recent seismic activity in and near Japan, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst.,47, 395——117, 1969.
[13] 韩渭宾、席敦礼,四川地区强晨前弱震空区的变化特征,地震学报,6, 8——20, 1984.
[14] 陆远忠、王炜、沈建文,地震空区与逼近地震,地震学报,5, 134——144, 1983,
[15] Mogi, K., Two kinds of seismic gaps, Pageoph., 117, 1172——1186, 1979.
[16] Richter, C. E., Elementary Seismology, Z68 pp., W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1958.
[17] Mogi, K., Migration of seismic activity, Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst., 46, 53——74, 1968.
[18] William, Q., Limond. M. R., Possible earthquake migration along the Western European Plate bourdary, J. Geoph. Res., 86, B12, 11623——11629, 1981.
[19] 郭增建、秦保燕,地展迁移问题,国际地展动态,1983, 1: 7——10,
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